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Vocal Fold Vibratory Kinematics and Acoustic Correlates in Pressed and Breathy Phonation.

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Title: Vocal Fold Vibratory Kinematics and Acoustic Correlates in Pressed and Breathy Phonation.
Authors: Toles, Laura E.1,2 laura.toles@utsouthwestern.edu, Moore, Avery1,2, Tice, Melanie A. Turner1, Hurt, Caroline Crocker1,2, Patel, Rita R.3, Mau, Ted1,4
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jun2026, Vol. 69 Issue 6, p2417-2436. 20p.
Subject Terms: *Predictive tests, *Academic medical centers, *Data analysis, *Voice disorders, *Longitudinal method, *Experimental design, *Research methodology, *Comparative studies, *Adults, Vocal cords, Pearson correlation (Statistics), Research funding, Kinematics, Vibration (Mechanics), Multiple regression analysis, Acoustics, Descriptive statistics, Endoscopic surgery, Physiological aspects of speech, Laryngoscopy, Statistics, Analysis of variance, Human voice, Data analysis software, Video recording, Endoscopy, Glottis
Geographic Terms: Texas
Abstract: Purpose: The overall aims of this study were to (a) examine how vocal fold kinematics differ across typical, pressed, and breathy phonation in vocally healthy adults and (b) investigate the relationships between high-speed videoendoscopic-derived kinematic measures and acoustic measures of cepstral peak prominence (CPP) and the amplitude difference between the first two spectral harmonics (H1-H2) and whether the relationships vary by phonation type. Method: Forty vocally healthy adults (32 female, eight male, with a mean age of 26 years) underwent simultaneous transoral rigid high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV; 4,000 frames per second) and acoustic recording during sustained /i:/ in three phonation types: typical, pressed, and breathy. Primary HSV parameters included closing quotient (ClQ), speed index (SI), amplitude-to-length ratio (ALR), stiffness index (STI), and normalized maximum area declination rate (MADRn). Primary acoustic measures were CPP and H1-H2. Mixed analyses of variance were conducted for phonation type differences in HSV parameters with main effects of phonation type, sex, and their interaction. Then, multiple regression models with phonation type interactions were conducted to assess the relationships between HSV and acoustic measures. Results: Relative to typical phonation, simulated pressed phonation showed lower values of ClQ, higher MADRn, and higher STI with large effects, whereas simulated breathy phonation demonstrated higher ClQ and lower MADRn with medium effects. CPP was significantly negatively correlated with ClQ and positively correlated with MADRn, SI, and STI. H1-H2 was significantly positively correlated with ClQ and ALR and negatively correlated with MADRn, SI, and STI. There was a significant phonation type interaction with the correlations between H1-H2 and MADRn, SI, and STI; in each, breathy phonation had a strong, negative relationship and pressed phonation had a small or negligible relationship. ClQ consistently correlated with both acoustic measures across all phonation types. Conclusions: Vibratory patterns in pressed phonation were suggestive of increased vocal fold contact stress, as lower ClQ and higher MADRn values suggest more abrupt, faster glottal closure. CPP and H1-H2 can reflect underlying glottal physiology, but their predictive value depends on phonation type in most cases. However, findings suggest that ClQ could be a robust physiological parameter with stable acoustic correlates regardless of phonation type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Vocal Fold Vibratory Kinematics and Acoustic Correlates in Pressed and Breathy Phonation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 69 Issue 6, p2417-2436. 20p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predictive+tests%22">Predictive tests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Academic+medical+centers%22">Academic medical centers</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Voice+disorders%22">Voice disorders</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+design%22">Experimental design</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocal+cords%22">Vocal cords</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pearson+correlation+%28Statistics%29%22">Pearson correlation (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kinematics%22">Kinematics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vibration+%28Mechanics%29%22">Vibration (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+regression+analysis%22">Multiple regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acoustics%22">Acoustics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Endoscopic+surgery%22">Endoscopic surgery</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+aspects+of+speech%22">Physiological aspects of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laryngoscopy%22">Laryngoscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+voice%22">Human voice</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Video+recording%22">Video recording</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Endoscopy%22">Endoscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glottis%22">Glottis</searchLink>
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  Data: Purpose: The overall aims of this study were to (a) examine how vocal fold kinematics differ across typical, pressed, and breathy phonation in vocally healthy adults and (b) investigate the relationships between high-speed videoendoscopic-derived kinematic measures and acoustic measures of cepstral peak prominence (CPP) and the amplitude difference between the first two spectral harmonics (H1-H2) and whether the relationships vary by phonation type. Method: Forty vocally healthy adults (32 female, eight male, with a mean age of 26 years) underwent simultaneous transoral rigid high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV; 4,000 frames per second) and acoustic recording during sustained /i:/ in three phonation types: typical, pressed, and breathy. Primary HSV parameters included closing quotient (ClQ), speed index (SI), amplitude-to-length ratio (ALR), stiffness index (STI), and normalized maximum area declination rate (MADRn). Primary acoustic measures were CPP and H1-H2. Mixed analyses of variance were conducted for phonation type differences in HSV parameters with main effects of phonation type, sex, and their interaction. Then, multiple regression models with phonation type interactions were conducted to assess the relationships between HSV and acoustic measures. Results: Relative to typical phonation, simulated pressed phonation showed lower values of ClQ, higher MADRn, and higher STI with large effects, whereas simulated breathy phonation demonstrated higher ClQ and lower MADRn with medium effects. CPP was significantly negatively correlated with ClQ and positively correlated with MADRn, SI, and STI. H1-H2 was significantly positively correlated with ClQ and ALR and negatively correlated with MADRn, SI, and STI. There was a significant phonation type interaction with the correlations between H1-H2 and MADRn, SI, and STI; in each, breathy phonation had a strong, negative relationship and pressed phonation had a small or negligible relationship. ClQ consistently correlated with both acoustic measures across all phonation types. Conclusions: Vibratory patterns in pressed phonation were suggestive of increased vocal fold contact stress, as lower ClQ and higher MADRn values suggest more abrupt, faster glottal closure. CPP and H1-H2 can reflect underlying glottal physiology, but their predictive value depends on phonation type in most cases. However, findings suggest that ClQ could be a robust physiological parameter with stable acoustic correlates regardless of phonation type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2026_JSLHR-25-00797
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Academic medical centers
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Voice disorders
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      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Pearson correlation (Statistics)
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Kinematics
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      – SubjectFull: Vibration (Mechanics)
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      – SubjectFull: Texas
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      – TitleFull: Vocal Fold Vibratory Kinematics and Acoustic Correlates in Pressed and Breathy Phonation.
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              Text: Jun2026
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