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From initiation to termination: a petrostratigraphic tour of the Ethiopian Low-Ti Flood Basalt Province.

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Title: From initiation to termination: a petrostratigraphic tour of the Ethiopian Low-Ti Flood Basalt Province.
Authors: Krans, S. R.1 kranssus@msu.edu, Rooney, T. O.1, Kappelman, J.2, Yirgu, G.3, Ayalew, D.3
Source: Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology. May2018, Vol. 173 Issue 5, p1-1. 1p.
Subject Terms: *Flood basalts, *Stratigraphic geology, *Lithosphere, *Igneous provinces
Geographic Terms: Ethiopia
Abstract: Continental flood basalts (CFBs), thought to preserve the magmatic record of an impinging mantle plume head, offer spatial and temporal insights into melt generation processes in large igneous provinces (LIPs). Despite the utility of CFBs in probing mantle plume composition, these basalts typically erupt fractionated compositions, suggestive of significant residence time in the continental lithosphere. The location and duration of residence within the lithosphere provide additional insights into the flux of plume-related magmas. The NW Ethiopian plateau offers a well-preserved stratigraphic sequence from flood basalt initiation to termination, and is thus an important target for study of CFBs. This study examines modal observations within a stratigraphic framework and places these observations within the context of the magmatic evolution of the Ethiopian CFB province. Data demonstrate multiple pulses of magma recharge punctuated by brief shut-down events, with initial flows fed by magmas that experienced deeper fractionation (lower crust). Broad changes in modal mineralogy and flow cyclicity are consistent with fluctuating changes in magmatic flux through a complex plumbing system, indicating pulsed magma flux and an overall shallowing of the magmatic plumbing system over time. The composition of plagioclase megacrysts suggests a constant replenishing of new primitive magma recharging the shallow plumbing system during the main phase of volcanism, reaching an apex prior to flood basalt termination. The petrostratigraphic data sets presented in this paper provide new insight into the evolution of a magma plumbing system in a CFB province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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  Data: From initiation to termination: a petrostratigraphic tour of the Ethiopian Low-Ti Flood Basalt Province.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krans%2C+S%2E+R%2E%22">Krans, S. R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> kranssus@msu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rooney%2C+T%2E+O%2E%22">Rooney, T. O.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kappelman%2C+J%2E%22">Kappelman, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yirgu%2C+G%2E%22">Yirgu, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ayalew%2C+D%2E%22">Ayalew, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Contributions+to+Mineralogy+%26+Petrology%22">Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology</searchLink>. May2018, Vol. 173 Issue 5, p1-1. 1p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flood+basalts%22">Flood basalts</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stratigraphic+geology%22">Stratigraphic geology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lithosphere%22">Lithosphere</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Igneous+provinces%22">Igneous provinces</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethiopia%22">Ethiopia</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Continental flood basalts (CFBs), thought to preserve the magmatic record of an impinging mantle plume head, offer spatial and temporal insights into melt generation processes in large igneous provinces (LIPs). Despite the utility of CFBs in probing mantle plume composition, these basalts typically erupt fractionated compositions, suggestive of significant residence time in the continental lithosphere. The location and duration of residence within the lithosphere provide additional insights into the flux of plume-related magmas. The NW Ethiopian plateau offers a well-preserved stratigraphic sequence from flood basalt initiation to termination, and is thus an important target for study of CFBs. This study examines modal observations within a stratigraphic framework and places these observations within the context of the magmatic evolution of the Ethiopian CFB province. Data demonstrate multiple pulses of magma recharge punctuated by brief shut-down events, with initial flows fed by magmas that experienced deeper fractionation (lower crust). Broad changes in modal mineralogy and flow cyclicity are consistent with fluctuating changes in magmatic flux through a complex plumbing system, indicating pulsed magma flux and an overall shallowing of the magmatic plumbing system over time. The composition of plagioclase megacrysts suggests a constant replenishing of new primitive magma recharging the shallow plumbing system during the main phase of volcanism, reaching an apex prior to flood basalt termination. The petrostratigraphic data sets presented in this paper provide new insight into the evolution of a magma plumbing system in a CFB province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=129755605
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        Value: 10.1007/s00410-018-1460-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Flood basalts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stratigraphic geology
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      – SubjectFull: Lithosphere
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      – SubjectFull: Igneous provinces
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      – SubjectFull: Ethiopia
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: From initiation to termination: a petrostratigraphic tour of the Ethiopian Low-Ti Flood Basalt Province.
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              Text: May2018
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