Whey conversion scenarios for sustainable lactic acid, ethanol and hydrogen production: techno‐economic aspects of biofuels and biochemical production.
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| Title: | Whey conversion scenarios for sustainable lactic acid, ethanol and hydrogen production: techno‐economic aspects of biofuels and biochemical production. |
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| Authors: | Ozturk, Abdullah Bilal1 (AUTHOR) bozturk@yildiz.edu.tr, Acar, Zeynep Deniz2 (AUTHOR), Yilmaz, Fuat3 (AUTHOR), Sagdic, Osman2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Biofuels, Bioproducts & Biorefining. Nov2025, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1463-1482. 20p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Whey, *Lactic acid, *Cost benefit analysis, *Ethanol, *Sustainability, *Biochemical engineering, *Hydrogen, *Circular economy |
| Reviews & Products: | Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations) |
| Abstract: | Growing environmental concerns and a movement toward sustainable greenhouse gas mitigation strategies have driven research into alternative resources. Whey, a major byproduct of the cheese industry, is produced globally at approximately 180 million tons per year. It is important to recycle this waste effectively through the circular economy (CE) and sustainable bioprocess strategies. However, its commercial viability must be validated through technical and economic analyses, such as techno‐economic assessment (TEA), to support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and climate action (SDG 13). This study examines whey valorization through three biochemical pathways: (1) lactic acid production via lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation, (2) ethanol production through anaerobic fermentation, and (3) hydrogen production using dark and photo fermentation. Profitability assessments indicate that lactic acid and hydrogen production are the most promising, demonstrating a higher net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), gross margin (GM), and return on investment (ROI), and shorter payback period (PBP). Specifically, lactic acid production, based on processing 500,000 L of whey daily over a 20‐year project lifespan at a 5% discount rate, resulted in an NPV of $191 million, an IRR of 12.9%, a PBP of 5.2 years, and an ROI of 16.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| Header | DbId: enr DbLabel: Energy & Power Source An: 189332540 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Whey conversion scenarios for sustainable lactic acid, ethanol and hydrogen production: techno‐economic aspects of biofuels and biochemical production. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ozturk%2C+Abdullah+Bilal%22">Ozturk, Abdullah Bilal</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> bozturk@yildiz.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Acar%2C+Zeynep+Deniz%22">Acar, Zeynep Deniz</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yilmaz%2C+Fuat%22">Yilmaz, Fuat</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sagdic%2C+Osman%22">Sagdic, Osman</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Biofuels%2C+Bioproducts+%26+Biorefining%22">Biofuels, Bioproducts & Biorefining</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p1463-1482. 20p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Whey%22">Whey</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lactic+acid%22">Lactic acid</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+benefit+analysis%22">Cost benefit analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethanol%22">Ethanol</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainability%22">Sustainability</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biochemical+engineering%22">Biochemical engineering</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrogen%22">Hydrogen</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Circular+economy%22">Circular economy</searchLink> – Name: SubjectProduct Label: Reviews & Products Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="PS" term="%22Sustainable+Development+Goals+%28United+Nations%29%22">Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Growing environmental concerns and a movement toward sustainable greenhouse gas mitigation strategies have driven research into alternative resources. Whey, a major byproduct of the cheese industry, is produced globally at approximately 180 million tons per year. It is important to recycle this waste effectively through the circular economy (CE) and sustainable bioprocess strategies. However, its commercial viability must be validated through technical and economic analyses, such as techno‐economic assessment (TEA), to support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and climate action (SDG 13). This study examines whey valorization through three biochemical pathways: (1) lactic acid production via lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation, (2) ethanol production through anaerobic fermentation, and (3) hydrogen production using dark and photo fermentation. Profitability assessments indicate that lactic acid and hydrogen production are the most promising, demonstrating a higher net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), gross margin (GM), and return on investment (ROI), and shorter payback period (PBP). Specifically, lactic acid production, based on processing 500,000 L of whey daily over a 20‐year project lifespan at a 5% discount rate, resulted in an NPV of $191 million, an IRR of 12.9%, a PBP of 5.2 years, and an ROI of 16.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=189332540 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1002/bbb.2761 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 20 StartPage: 1463 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Whey Type: general – SubjectFull: Lactic acid Type: general – SubjectFull: Cost benefit analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Ethanol Type: general – SubjectFull: Sustainability Type: general – SubjectFull: Biochemical engineering Type: general – SubjectFull: Hydrogen Type: general – SubjectFull: Circular economy Type: general – SubjectFull: Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Whey conversion scenarios for sustainable lactic acid, ethanol and hydrogen production: techno‐economic aspects of biofuels and biochemical production. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ozturk, Abdullah Bilal – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Acar, Zeynep Deniz – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yilmaz, Fuat – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sagdic, Osman IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 11 Text: Nov2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 1932104X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Biofuels, Bioproducts & Biorefining Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
