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Heavy precipitation-induced Yangtze River runoff greatly regulates heterotrophic prokaryotes production and induces P-limited growth in the northern East China Sea.

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Title: Heavy precipitation-induced Yangtze River runoff greatly regulates heterotrophic prokaryotes production and induces P-limited growth in the northern East China Sea.
Authors: Baek, Yong-Jae1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Kim, Bomina3,4 (AUTHOR), Youn, Seok-Hyun5 (AUTHOR), Lee, Sang-Heon6 (AUTHOR), Jang, Hyo-Keun5,6 (AUTHOR), Han, Heejun2 (AUTHOR), Ducklow, Hugh W.7 (AUTHOR), Kim, Sung-Han1,2 (AUTHOR), Hyun, Jung-Ho3 (AUTHOR) hyunjh@hanyang.ac.kr
Source: Biogeosciences. 2026, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p3499-3515. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Runoff, *Continental shelf, *Biogeochemical cycles, *Dissolved organic matter, *Ecological impact, *Prokaryotes, *Marine biology
Geographic Terms: Yangtze River (China), East China Sea
Abstract: Although heterotrophic prokaryotes (HP) play a crucial role in biogeochemical carbon cycles, microbial oceanographic studies associated with heavy precipitation-induced large-scale freshwater runoff are understudied in the East China Sea (ECS), the largest continental shelf in the northwest Pacific. To elucidate the impact of Yangtze River diluted water (YRDW) on HP production (HPP) and growth-limiting resources, we conducted comprehensive microbial oceanographic measurements in combination with analysis of satellite images and optical property analyses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) over three consecutive years in the northern ECS. Our results revealed that the HPP and chlorophyll a were consistently highest in summer due to the supply of excess DOC and nutrients via YRDW, which is intriguing considering the enhanced HPP coupled with spring phytoplankton bloom in middle latitudes in general. However, the exceptionally great YRDW runoff induced by heavy rainfall resulted in excessive supply of terrestrial-origin recalcitrant DOC and nutrients imbalance with high N : P ratio (34), which was responsible for the limited DOC bioavailability and phosphorus-limitation for the HPP. Accordingly, the enhanced HPP-to-primary production ratio (>0.5) in summer may suggest enhanced carbon flow via microbial food web, potentially altering food-web structure and energy transfer efficiency. Our results, demonstrating that YRDW can either stimulate or suppress HPP, provide new insights into microbial responses to large-scale freshwater discharge, which may be relevant to systems influenced by substantial freshwater inputs (e.g., Amazon River and Arctic Ocean). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 194401800
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Heavy precipitation-induced Yangtze River runoff greatly regulates heterotrophic prokaryotes production and induces P-limited growth in the northern East China Sea.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baek%2C+Yong-Jae%22">Baek, Yong-Jae</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Bomina%22">Kim, Bomina</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Youn%2C+Seok-Hyun%22">Youn, Seok-Hyun</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Sang-Heon%22">Lee, Sang-Heon</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jang%2C+Hyo-Keun%22">Jang, Hyo-Keun</searchLink><relatesTo>5,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Heejun%22">Han, Heejun</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ducklow%2C+Hugh W%2E%22">Ducklow, Hugh W.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Sung-Han%22">Kim, Sung-Han</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hyun%2C+Jung-Ho%22">Hyun, Jung-Ho</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hyunjh@hanyang.ac.kr</i>
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  Label: Source
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Biogeosciences%22">Biogeosciences</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 23 Issue 10, p3499-3515. 17p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Runoff%22">Runoff</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continental+shelf%22">Continental shelf</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biogeochemical+cycles%22">Biogeochemical cycles</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dissolved+organic+matter%22">Dissolved organic matter</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ecological+impact%22">Ecological impact</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prokaryotes%22">Prokaryotes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Marine+biology%22">Marine biology</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Yangtze+River+%28China%29%22">Yangtze River (China)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22East+China+Sea%22">East China Sea</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Although heterotrophic prokaryotes (HP) play a crucial role in biogeochemical carbon cycles, microbial oceanographic studies associated with heavy precipitation-induced large-scale freshwater runoff are understudied in the East China Sea (ECS), the largest continental shelf in the northwest Pacific. To elucidate the impact of Yangtze River diluted water (YRDW) on HP production (HPP) and growth-limiting resources, we conducted comprehensive microbial oceanographic measurements in combination with analysis of satellite images and optical property analyses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) over three consecutive years in the northern ECS. Our results revealed that the HPP and chlorophyll a were consistently highest in summer due to the supply of excess DOC and nutrients via YRDW, which is intriguing considering the enhanced HPP coupled with spring phytoplankton bloom in middle latitudes in general. However, the exceptionally great YRDW runoff induced by heavy rainfall resulted in excessive supply of terrestrial-origin recalcitrant DOC and nutrients imbalance with high N : P ratio (34), which was responsible for the limited DOC bioavailability and phosphorus-limitation for the HPP. Accordingly, the enhanced HPP-to-primary production ratio (>0.5) in summer may suggest enhanced carbon flow via microbial food web, potentially altering food-web structure and energy transfer efficiency. Our results, demonstrating that YRDW can either stimulate or suppress HPP, provide new insights into microbial responses to large-scale freshwater discharge, which may be relevant to systems influenced by substantial freshwater inputs (e.g., Amazon River and Arctic Ocean). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.5194/bg-23-3499-2026
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 3499
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Runoff
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Continental shelf
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      – SubjectFull: Biogeochemical cycles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dissolved organic matter
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      – SubjectFull: Ecological impact
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      – SubjectFull: Prokaryotes
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      – SubjectFull: Marine biology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Yangtze River (China)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: East China Sea
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Heavy precipitation-induced Yangtze River runoff greatly regulates heterotrophic prokaryotes production and induces P-limited growth in the northern East China Sea.
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            – D: 15
              M: 05
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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