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The Extent of Student Mobility among Vulnerable Groups in California. EdWorkingPaper No. 25-1216

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Title: The Extent of Student Mobility among Vulnerable Groups in California. EdWorkingPaper No. 25-1216
Language: English
Authors: Lucrecia Santibañez, Cassandra M. Guarino, Robert K. Ream, Hana Kang, Yiwang Li, Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University
Source: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. 2025.
Availability: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 48
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education
Descriptors: Student Mobility, School Districts, Racial Differences, Ethnicity, Homeless People, Foster Care, English Learners, Low Income Students, Student Characteristics, Neighborhoods, Students with Disabilities, COVID-19, Pandemics, Elementary Secondary Education, Institutional Characteristics
Geographic Terms: California
Abstract: Nonstructural student mobility--school changes not tied to grade-level promotion--is common and consequential yet remains underexamined in recent research. This paper analyzes the incidence, disparities, and predictors of nonstructural school mobility using longitudinal data from six demographically diverse California school districts, with attention to pre- and post-COVID-19 trends and differences by race/ethnicity and student vulnerability. By 5th grade, nearly half of all students have made at least one nonstructural move. Annually, about 9% move during summer and 6% midyear, illustrating persistent churn. While historically marginalized groups--including African American students, and students experiencing homelessness or foster care--exhibit higher rates of nonstructural school mobility other findings challenge common narratives. Latinx and vulnerable students (e.g., FRPL-eligible, EL-designated, or with disabilities) do not consistently display higher rates, and their school moves appear less responsive to factors often viewed as strategic, such as moving to a higher achievement school. These findings complicate prevailing narratives and underscore the need for targeted, evidence-based interventions. Addressing school mobility effectively requires understanding not only student characteristics, but also the structural constraints--like housing and neighborhood dynamics--that shape mobility decisions and could limit access to more advantaged school settings.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: ED674114
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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  Data: The Extent of Student Mobility among Vulnerable Groups in California. EdWorkingPaper No. 25-1216
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lucrecia+Santibañez%22">Lucrecia Santibañez</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cassandra+M%2E+Guarino%22">Cassandra M. Guarino</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robert+K%2E+Ream%22">Robert K. Ream</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hana+Kang%22">Hana Kang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yiwang+Li%22">Yiwang Li</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Annenberg+Institute+for+School+Reform+at+Brown+University%22">Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University</searchLink>
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  Data: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22California%22">California</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Nonstructural student mobility--school changes not tied to grade-level promotion--is common and consequential yet remains underexamined in recent research. This paper analyzes the incidence, disparities, and predictors of nonstructural school mobility using longitudinal data from six demographically diverse California school districts, with attention to pre- and post-COVID-19 trends and differences by race/ethnicity and student vulnerability. By 5th grade, nearly half of all students have made at least one nonstructural move. Annually, about 9% move during summer and 6% midyear, illustrating persistent churn. While historically marginalized groups--including African American students, and students experiencing homelessness or foster care--exhibit higher rates of nonstructural school mobility other findings challenge common narratives. Latinx and vulnerable students (e.g., FRPL-eligible, EL-designated, or with disabilities) do not consistently display higher rates, and their school moves appear less responsive to factors often viewed as strategic, such as moving to a higher achievement school. These findings complicate prevailing narratives and underscore the need for targeted, evidence-based interventions. Addressing school mobility effectively requires understanding not only student characteristics, but also the structural constraints--like housing and neighborhood dynamics--that shape mobility decisions and could limit access to more advantaged school settings.
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: ED674114
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      – Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 48
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Student Mobility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: School Districts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Racial Differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ethnicity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Homeless People
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foster Care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: English Learners
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Low Income Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student Characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neighborhoods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Students with Disabilities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: COVID-19
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pandemics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary Secondary Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Institutional Characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: California
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The Extent of Student Mobility among Vulnerable Groups in California. EdWorkingPaper No. 25-1216
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