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Productive Struggle: How Artificial Intelligence Is Changing Learning, Effort, and Youth Development in Education

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Title: Productive Struggle: How Artificial Intelligence Is Changing Learning, Effort, and Youth Development in Education
Language: English
Authors: Amy Chen Kulesa, Marisa Mission, Michelle Croft, Mary K. Wells, Bellwether
Source: Bellwether. 2025.
Availability: Bellwether. 650 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20001. Tel: 877-636-0909; Web site: https://bellwether.org/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 27
Publication Date: 2025
Sponsoring Agency: Bezos Family Foundation
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
Charter School Growth Fund (CSGF)
Overdeck Family Foundation
Intended Audience: Teachers; Administrators
Document Type: Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Educational Change, Cognitive Processes, Instructional Effectiveness, Risk, Educational Benefits, Barriers, Lifelong Learning, Memory, Attention, Learner Engagement, Learning Motivation, Metacognition, Self Control, Instructional Design, Homework
Abstract: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is a tool that promises efficiency and customization for teachers and students alike but also carries risks of dependency and detachment. This report aims to explore new questions for educators, system leaders, and tool developers such as how much cognitive effort AI should alleviate, how much it should intentionally preserve, what guardrails ensure that adaptive supports do not drift into over-scaffolding, and how this technology evolves what comprises the critical skills necessary for human development. By weaving together evidence from the science of learning, capabilities of emerging technology, and early empirical research, this report explores the blurry boundaries where AI can amplify effective teaching and learning, and where it risks undercutting them. The goal is not to pick sides; rather, it is to illuminate the design, research, and implementation choices that will determine how and whether AI eases or impairs the kind of productive struggle that cultivates lifelong learners.
Abstractor: ERIC
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: ED674230
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=ED674230
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  Data: Productive Struggle: How Artificial Intelligence Is Changing Learning, Effort, and Youth Development in Education
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amy+Chen+Kulesa%22">Amy Chen Kulesa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marisa+Mission%22">Marisa Mission</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Michelle+Croft%22">Michelle Croft</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mary+K%2E+Wells%22">Mary K. Wells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bellwether%22">Bellwether</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Bellwether%22"><i>Bellwether</i></searchLink>. 2025.
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  Data: Bellwether. 650 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20001. Tel: 877-636-0909; Web site: https://bellwether.org/
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  Data: 27
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Bezos Family Foundation<br />Chan Zuckerberg Initiative<br />Charter School Growth Fund (CSGF)<br />Overdeck Family Foundation
– Name: Audience
  Label: Intended Audience
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  Data: Teachers; Administrators
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  Data: Reports - Evaluative
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+Intelligence%22">Artificial Intelligence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+Uses+in+Education%22">Technology Uses in Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Change%22">Educational Change</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Processes%22">Cognitive Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Instructional+Effectiveness%22">Instructional Effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk%22">Risk</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Benefits%22">Educational Benefits</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Barriers%22">Barriers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lifelong+Learning%22">Lifelong Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory%22">Memory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention%22">Attention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learner+Engagement%22">Learner Engagement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Motivation%22">Learning Motivation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metacognition%22">Metacognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Control%22">Self Control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Instructional+Design%22">Instructional Design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Homework%22">Homework</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is a tool that promises efficiency and customization for teachers and students alike but also carries risks of dependency and detachment. This report aims to explore new questions for educators, system leaders, and tool developers such as how much cognitive effort AI should alleviate, how much it should intentionally preserve, what guardrails ensure that adaptive supports do not drift into over-scaffolding, and how this technology evolves what comprises the critical skills necessary for human development. By weaving together evidence from the science of learning, capabilities of emerging technology, and early empirical research, this report explores the blurry boundaries where AI can amplify effective teaching and learning, and where it risks undercutting them. The goal is not to pick sides; rather, it is to illuminate the design, research, and implementation choices that will determine how and whether AI eases or impairs the kind of productive struggle that cultivates lifelong learners.
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  Data: ED674230
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=ED674230
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 27
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Artificial Intelligence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Technology Uses in Education
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Change
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      – SubjectFull: Barriers
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      – SubjectFull: Lifelong Learning
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      – SubjectFull: Memory
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      – SubjectFull: Attention
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      – SubjectFull: Self Control
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      – SubjectFull: Instructional Design
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      – SubjectFull: Homework
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      – TitleFull: Productive Struggle: How Artificial Intelligence Is Changing Learning, Effort, and Youth Development in Education
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