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School-Based Mental Health: Introduction and Considerations for Congress. CRS Report R48740, Version 4

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Title: School-Based Mental Health: Introduction and Considerations for Congress. CRS Report R48740, Version 4
Language: English
Authors: Johnathan H. Duff, Kyrie E. Dragoo, Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service (CRS)
Source: Congressional Research Service. 2025.
Availability: Congressional Research Service. Web site: https://crsreports.congress.gov/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 62
Publication Date: 2025
Intended Audience: Policymakers
Document Type: Reports - Descriptive
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education
Descriptors: Mental Health, School Health Services, Mental Health Programs, Elementary Secondary Education, Models, Program Effectiveness, Federal Legislation, Government Role, Intervention, Program Descriptions
Abstract: In children and adolescents, good mental health includes timely achievement of developmental milestones, healthy social and emotional functioning, adaptive behavior, and effective regulatory and coping skills. In contrast, poor mental health consists of emotional, social, or behavioral symptoms that disrupt adaptive functioning, impede healthy development, or cause impairments. Schools may be a logical place to identify and address behavioral health, create environments, institute policies, and implement interventions designed to promote good mental health and prevent mental and behavioral problems. This report discusses mental and behavioral health promotion and treatment in elementary and secondary (K-12) school settings in the United States. School-based mental health (SBMH) includes activities, programs, or services implemented in school settings to promote mental wellness and address mental or behavioral problems. This report describes common models of SBMH, summarizes research on the effectiveness of such approaches, and discusses considerations for Congress. This report includes several examples of SBMH interventions to illustrate the spectrum of activities. The report's Appendix identifies relevant federal SBMH programs and recent funding levels.
Abstractor: ERIC
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: ED678607
Database: ERIC
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  Data: School-Based Mental Health: Introduction and Considerations for Congress. CRS Report R48740, Version 4
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  Data: In children and adolescents, good mental health includes timely achievement of developmental milestones, healthy social and emotional functioning, adaptive behavior, and effective regulatory and coping skills. In contrast, poor mental health consists of emotional, social, or behavioral symptoms that disrupt adaptive functioning, impede healthy development, or cause impairments. Schools may be a logical place to identify and address behavioral health, create environments, institute policies, and implement interventions designed to promote good mental health and prevent mental and behavioral problems. This report discusses mental and behavioral health promotion and treatment in elementary and secondary (K-12) school settings in the United States. School-based mental health (SBMH) includes activities, programs, or services implemented in school settings to promote mental wellness and address mental or behavioral problems. This report describes common models of SBMH, summarizes research on the effectiveness of such approaches, and discusses considerations for Congress. This report includes several examples of SBMH interventions to illustrate the spectrum of activities. The report's Appendix identifies relevant federal SBMH programs and recent funding levels.
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary Secondary Education
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