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Understanding Individual and Media Differences in Kindergarteners' Video-Based Inference-Making

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Title: Understanding Individual and Media Differences in Kindergarteners' Video-Based Inference-Making
Language: English
Authors: Seohyeon Choi (ORCID 0000-0003-1721-4956), Kristen L. McMaster (ORCID 0000-0001-9656-4158), HyeJin Hwang (ORCID 0000-0002-1049-7941), Nana Kim (ORCID 0000-0003-4416-2012), Emily A. Reno (ORCID 0000-0002-7048-451X), Ali Fulsher (ORCID 0000-0002-0787-980X), Jechun An (ORCID 0000-0003-1746-4154), Manjary Guha (ORCID 0009-0006-2670-3355), Susan Slater, Reagan Mergen (ORCID 0000-0003-4798-5866), Eleonora Pizzigallo (ORCID 0009-0002-6540-3161), Panayiota Kendeou (ORCID 0000-0002-0392-7659)
Source: Grantee Submission. 2026 128.
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 14
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
Contract Number: R305A220107
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Elementary Education
Kindergarten
Primary Education
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Preschool Children, Inferences, Oral Language, Language Skills, Knowledge Level, Video Technology, Student Characteristics, Multisensory Learning, Television, Predictor Variables, Fiction, Nonfiction, Difficulty Level, Accuracy
DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2026.102906
ISSN: 1041-6080
Abstract: We investigated individual and media differences in U.S. kindergarten students' accuracy in generating inferences while watching videos that do not require decoding. We focused on students' oral language skills and content knowledge, as well as video genre (narrative vs. expository), spoken text complexity, modality (verbal vs. non-verbal), and audiovisual cohesion, examining their relation to inference-making accuracy and their interactions. Using explanatory item response modeling with data from 283 U.S. kindergarten students, results showed that oral language skills and content knowledge were significant predictors of inference accuracy, as were narrative video modality and audiovisual cohesion. A significant interaction emerged between syntactic simplicity of spoken text and students' oral language skills. These findings illuminate multiple sources of influence on young children's video-based inference-making, offer implications for the selection and design of instructional materials, and help extend discourse comprehension theories to non-reading contexts.
Abstractor: As Provided
IES Funded: Yes
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: ED679420
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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DbLabel: ERIC
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
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  Data: Understanding Individual and Media Differences in Kindergarteners' Video-Based Inference-Making
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  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Seohyeon+Choi%22">Seohyeon Choi</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-4956">0000-0003-1721-4956</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kristen+L%2E+McMaster%22">Kristen L. McMaster</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9656-4158">0000-0001-9656-4158</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22HyeJin+Hwang%22">HyeJin Hwang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-7941">0000-0002-1049-7941</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nana+Kim%22">Nana Kim</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4416-2012">0000-0003-4416-2012</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Emily+A%2E+Reno%22">Emily A. Reno</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-451X">0000-0002-7048-451X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ali+Fulsher%22">Ali Fulsher</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0787-980X">0000-0002-0787-980X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jechun+An%22">Jechun An</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1746-4154">0000-0003-1746-4154</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manjary+Guha%22">Manjary Guha</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2670-3355">0009-0006-2670-3355</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Susan+Slater%22">Susan Slater</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reagan+Mergen%22">Reagan Mergen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-5866">0000-0003-4798-5866</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eleonora+Pizzigallo%22">Eleonora Pizzigallo</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6540-3161">0009-0002-6540-3161</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Panayiota+Kendeou%22">Panayiota Kendeou</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-7659">0000-0002-0392-7659</externalLink>)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Grantee+Submission%22"><i>Grantee Submission</i></searchLink>. 2026 128.
– Name: PeerReviewed
  Label: Peer Reviewed
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: Y
– Name: Pages
  Label: Page Count
  Group: Src
  Data: 14
– Name: DatePubCY
  Label: Publication Date
  Group: Date
  Data: 2026
– Name: SourceSuprt
  Label: Sponsoring Agency
  Group: SrcSuprt
  Data: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
– Name: NumberContract
  Label: Contract Number
  Group: NumCntrct
  Data: R305A220107
– Name: TypeDocument
  Label: Document Type
  Group: TypDoc
  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
– Name: Audience
  Label: Education Level
  Group: Audnce
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Kindergarten%22">Kindergarten</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Primary+Education%22">Primary Education</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Descriptors
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kindergarten%22">Kindergarten</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+Children%22">Preschool Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inferences%22">Inferences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oral+Language%22">Oral Language</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Skills%22">Language Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Knowledge+Level%22">Knowledge Level</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Video+Technology%22">Video Technology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Characteristics%22">Student Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multisensory+Learning%22">Multisensory Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Television%22">Television</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predictor+Variables%22">Predictor Variables</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fiction%22">Fiction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nonfiction%22">Nonfiction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Difficulty+Level%22">Difficulty Level</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Accuracy%22">Accuracy</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1016/j.lindif.2026.102906
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 1041-6080
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: We investigated individual and media differences in U.S. kindergarten students' accuracy in generating inferences while watching videos that do not require decoding. We focused on students' oral language skills and content knowledge, as well as video genre (narrative vs. expository), spoken text complexity, modality (verbal vs. non-verbal), and audiovisual cohesion, examining their relation to inference-making accuracy and their interactions. Using explanatory item response modeling with data from 283 U.S. kindergarten students, results showed that oral language skills and content knowledge were significant predictors of inference accuracy, as were narrative video modality and audiovisual cohesion. A significant interaction emerged between syntactic simplicity of spoken text and students' oral language skills. These findings illuminate multiple sources of influence on young children's video-based inference-making, offer implications for the selection and design of instructional materials, and help extend discourse comprehension theories to non-reading contexts.
– Name: AbstractInfo
  Label: Abstractor
  Group: Ab
  Data: As Provided
– Name: CodeSource
  Label: IES Funded
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: Yes
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date
  Group: Date
  Data: 2026
– Name: AN
  Label: Accession Number
  Group: ID
  Data: ED679420
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=ED679420
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.lindif.2026.102906
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Kindergarten
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Preschool Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Inferences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oral Language
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language Skills
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      – SubjectFull: Knowledge Level
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      – SubjectFull: Video Technology
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      – SubjectFull: Student Characteristics
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      – SubjectFull: Multisensory Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Television
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      – SubjectFull: Difficulty Level
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      – SubjectFull: Accuracy
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