Teacher Professional Learning and Practice for Writing Instruction: A 20-Year Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of U.S. Studies

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Title: Teacher Professional Learning and Practice for Writing Instruction: A 20-Year Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of U.S. Studies
Language: English
Authors: Edmund P. Fernandez (ORCID 0000-0002-2870-1269), Lara-Jeane C. Costa (ORCID 0000-0002-2552-7728), Maddox E. Cory (ORCID 0009-0006-4021-2448), Chelsea M. Carter (ORCID 0009-0008-0483-3145), Stephen R. Hooper (ORCID 0000-0002-6761-4504)
Source: Grantee Submission. 2026.
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 23
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
Contract Number: R305A170529
R305R220020
Document Type: Information Analyses
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education
Descriptors: Writing Instruction, Elementary Secondary Education, Faculty Development, Teacher Competencies, Program Effectiveness, Coaching (Performance), At Risk Students, Writing Difficulties, Teacher Characteristics, Institutional Characteristics, Intervention, Teacher Attitudes
DOI: 10.1080/10573569.2026.2651760
Abstract: Writing is a necessary skill for communication and success, yet teaching it remains a challenge due to insufficient teacher preparation. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the effectiveness of professional learning and practice (PLP) on the quality of teaching (QT) writing across the United States. Analyzing 20 effect sizes from 10 studies conducted between January 2001 and May 2021, involving 508 teachers across grades K-12, the findings reveal a positive overall effect of PLP on QT writing (ES = 0.52, p = 0.007). The analysis found no significant moderating effects of coaching or grade level. However, this review revealed a striking scarcity of studies evaluating PLP in writing instruction, underscoring the need for further research that examines changes in the QT before and after PLP participation to better understand its impact. [This is the online first version of an article published in "Reading & Writing Quarterly" (ISSN 1057-3569, EISSN 1521-0693).]
Abstractor: As Provided
IES Funded: Yes
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: ED679593
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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DbLabel: ERIC
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PubType: Report
PubTypeId: report
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  Data: Teacher Professional Learning and Practice for Writing Instruction: A 20-Year Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of U.S. Studies
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Edmund+P%2E+Fernandez%22">Edmund P. Fernandez</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2870-1269">0000-0002-2870-1269</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lara-Jeane+C%2E+Costa%22">Lara-Jeane C. Costa</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2552-7728">0000-0002-2552-7728</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maddox+E%2E+Cory%22">Maddox E. Cory</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="http://orcid.org/0009-0006-4021-2448">0009-0006-4021-2448</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chelsea+M%2E+Carter%22">Chelsea M. Carter</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="http://orcid.org/0009-0008-0483-3145">0009-0008-0483-3145</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stephen+R%2E+Hooper%22">Stephen R. Hooper</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6761-4504">0000-0002-6761-4504</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Grantee+Submission%22"><i>Grantee Submission</i></searchLink>. 2026.
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 23
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  Label: Publication Date
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
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  Data: R305A170529<br />R305R220020
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  Data: Information Analyses
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Writing+Instruction%22">Writing Instruction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Faculty+Development%22">Faculty Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Competencies%22">Teacher Competencies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Program+Effectiveness%22">Program Effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coaching+%28Performance%29%22">Coaching (Performance)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22At+Risk+Students%22">At Risk Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Writing+Difficulties%22">Writing Difficulties</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Characteristics%22">Teacher Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Institutional+Characteristics%22">Institutional Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Attitudes%22">Teacher Attitudes</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1080/10573569.2026.2651760
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Writing is a necessary skill for communication and success, yet teaching it remains a challenge due to insufficient teacher preparation. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the effectiveness of professional learning and practice (PLP) on the quality of teaching (QT) writing across the United States. Analyzing 20 effect sizes from 10 studies conducted between January 2001 and May 2021, involving 508 teachers across grades K-12, the findings reveal a positive overall effect of PLP on QT writing (ES = 0.52, p = 0.007). The analysis found no significant moderating effects of coaching or grade level. However, this review revealed a striking scarcity of studies evaluating PLP in writing instruction, underscoring the need for further research that examines changes in the QT before and after PLP participation to better understand its impact. [This is the online first version of an article published in "Reading & Writing Quarterly" (ISSN 1057-3569, EISSN 1521-0693).]
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  Data: 2026
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PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=ED679593
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        Value: 10.1080/10573569.2026.2651760
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      – Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 23
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Writing Instruction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary Secondary Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Faculty Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Competencies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Program Effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Coaching (Performance)
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      – SubjectFull: At Risk Students
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      – SubjectFull: Writing Difficulties
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Characteristics
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      – SubjectFull: Institutional Characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intervention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Attitudes
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Teacher Professional Learning and Practice for Writing Instruction: A 20-Year Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of U.S. Studies
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