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More Hours, More Work: Head Start Expansions Boost Maternal Employment. Working Paper 34831

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Title: More Hours, More Work: Head Start Expansions Boost Maternal Employment. Working Paper 34831
Language: English
Authors: Chloe Gibbs, Esra Kose, Maria Rosales-Rueda, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Source: National Bureau of Economic Research. 2026.
Availability: National Bureau of Economic Research. 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-5398. Tel: 617-588-0343; Web site: http://www.nber.org
Peer Reviewed: N
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Social and Economic Sciences (SES)
Russell Sage Foundation
Contract Number: 1824511
Document Type: Reports - Research
Descriptors: Low Income Students, Federal Programs, Social Services, Mothers, Employment, Child Care, School Schedules, Program Length, Labor Market
Laws, Policies and Program Identifiers: Head Start
Abstract: Women's employment remains highly sensitive to childcare constraints, making childcare availability a critical lever for supporting mothers' labor force attachment. We study the effects of expanded full-day programming in Head Start, using the 2016 federal funding initiative that targeted grantees with low full-day enrollment. Linking administrative program data, geo-coded center locations, and household data on employment, we estimate a difference-in-differences design by comparing mothers of young children in treated and untreated areas. The policy increased full-day enrollment by 19 percent and raised single mothers' employment (1.9%), hours (2.5%), and earnings (6.5%). Results show that extending program duration meaningfully improves maternal labor market outcomes.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Access URL: https://www.nber.org/papers/w34831
Accession Number: ED679641
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: More Hours, More Work: Head Start Expansions Boost Maternal Employment. Working Paper 34831
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  Data: National Bureau of Economic Research. 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-5398. Tel: 617-588-0343; Web site: http://www.nber.org
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  Data: National Science Foundation (NSF), Division of Social and Economic Sciences (SES)<br />Russell Sage Foundation
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Low+Income+Students%22">Low Income Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Federal+Programs%22">Federal Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Services%22">Social Services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Employment%22">Employment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Care%22">Child Care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+Schedules%22">School Schedules</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Program+Length%22">Program Length</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Labor+Market%22">Labor Market</searchLink>
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  Data: Women's employment remains highly sensitive to childcare constraints, making childcare availability a critical lever for supporting mothers' labor force attachment. We study the effects of expanded full-day programming in Head Start, using the 2016 federal funding initiative that targeted grantees with low full-day enrollment. Linking administrative program data, geo-coded center locations, and household data on employment, we estimate a difference-in-differences design by comparing mothers of young children in treated and untreated areas. The policy increased full-day enrollment by 19 percent and raised single mothers' employment (1.9%), hours (2.5%), and earnings (6.5%). Results show that extending program duration meaningfully improves maternal labor market outcomes.
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  Data: 2026
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      – Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Low Income Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Federal Programs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social Services
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mothers
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      – SubjectFull: Employment
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      – SubjectFull: Child Care
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: School Schedules
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      – SubjectFull: Program Length
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Labor Market
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Head Start
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: More Hours, More Work: Head Start Expansions Boost Maternal Employment. Working Paper 34831
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