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Research and Teaching: Use of Toulmin's Argumentation Scheme for Student Discourse to Gain Insight about Guided Inquiry Activities in College Chemistry

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Title: Research and Teaching: Use of Toulmin's Argumentation Scheme for Student Discourse to Gain Insight about Guided Inquiry Activities in College Chemistry
Language: English
Authors: Kulatunga, Ushiri, Moog, Richard S., Lewis, Jennifer E.
Source: Journal of College Science Teaching. May 2014 43(5):78-86.
Availability: National Science Teachers Association. 1840 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22201-3000. Tel: 800-722-6782; Fax: 703-243-3924; e-mail: membership@nsta.org; Web site: http://www.nsta.org
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 9
Publication Date: 2014
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Persuasive Discourse, College Science, College Students, Chemistry, Inquiry, Video Technology, Teaching Methods, Prompting, Questioning Techniques, Small Group Instruction
DOI: 10.2505/4/jcst14_043_05_78
ISSN: 0047-231X
Abstract: Although student production of arguments in group learning environments has been shown to promote scientific reasoning and understanding of science concepts, little previous work has examined the relationship of the structure of curricular materials to the production of argumentation. In this study, we examined this relationship for a collection of published guided inquiry activities in a general chemistry course. Videorecordings of the weekly in-class conversations of a group of four students using these materials were made during one semester. This student discourse was analyzed using Toulmin's Argumentation Scheme to determine the occurrence and the level of arguments produced. We found that prompts were highly effective in producing arguments, that convergent questions produced more arguments than directed questions, and that the segmented structure of the Learning Cycle approach used in these materials helped to scaffold arguments. These findings provide insight for those who wish to create or modify written activities to promote student argumentation in small group learning environments.
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 38
Entry Date: 2014
Access URL: https://www.nsta.org/store/product_detail.aspx?id=10.2505/4/jcst14_043_05_78
Accession Number: EJ1041418
Database: ERIC
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  Data: National Science Teachers Association. 1840 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22201-3000. Tel: 800-722-6782; Fax: 703-243-3924; e-mail: membership@nsta.org; Web site: http://www.nsta.org
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  Data: Although student production of arguments in group learning environments has been shown to promote scientific reasoning and understanding of science concepts, little previous work has examined the relationship of the structure of curricular materials to the production of argumentation. In this study, we examined this relationship for a collection of published guided inquiry activities in a general chemistry course. Videorecordings of the weekly in-class conversations of a group of four students using these materials were made during one semester. This student discourse was analyzed using Toulmin's Argumentation Scheme to determine the occurrence and the level of arguments produced. We found that prompts were highly effective in producing arguments, that convergent questions produced more arguments than directed questions, and that the segmented structure of the Learning Cycle approach used in these materials helped to scaffold arguments. These findings provide insight for those who wish to create or modify written activities to promote student argumentation in small group learning environments.
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