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Using the Theory of Normative Social Behavior to Understand Compliance with a Smoke-Free Law in a Middle-Income Country

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Title: Using the Theory of Normative Social Behavior to Understand Compliance with a Smoke-Free Law in a Middle-Income Country
Language: English
Authors: Byron, M. J., Cohen, J. E., Frattaroli, S., Gittelsohn, J., Jernigan, D. H.
Source: Health Education Research. Dec 2016 31(6):738-748.
Availability: Oxford University Press. Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK. Tel: +44-1865-353907; Fax: +44-1865-353485; e-mail: jnls.cust.serv@oxfordjournals.org; Web site: http://her.oxfordjournals.org/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2016
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Smoking, Health Behavior, Social Behavior, Behavior Standards, Laws, Public Health, Compliance (Legal), Focus Groups, Self Concept, Gender Differences, Foreign Countries, Public Policy, Sanctions, Communications
Geographic Terms: Indonesia
DOI: 10.1093/her/cyw043
ISSN: 0268-1153
Abstract: Smoke-free laws, which ban smoking in public venues, can be effective in protecting public health, but it has been difficult to achieve compliance with these laws in low- and middle-income countries. This study was conducted to understand the social norms around public smoking and learn how to improve compliance in Bogor, the first Indonesian city to pass a comprehensive smoke-free law. Eleven stratified focus groups were conducted (n = 89). Data were analyzed using the theory of normative social behavior, which posits that the influence of descriptive norms (perceptions about what other people do) on behavior is moderated by injunctive norms (perceptions about what one is expected to do), outcome expectations and group identity. The findings showed that participants perceived smoking in public to be common for men (descriptive norm). Public smoking is acceptable except in places with air conditioning and around children or pregnant women (injunctive norms). Men smoke without penalty of social or legal sanctions (outcome expectations) and may feel affiliation with other smokers (group identity). Together, these factors support public smoking and inhibit compliance with the smoke-free law. Theory-based communication and policy remedies are suggested that may bolster compliance with Bogor's smoke-free law given the current pro-smoking norms.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2017
Accession Number: EJ1143482
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Using the Theory of Normative Social Behavior to Understand Compliance with a Smoke-Free Law in a Middle-Income Country
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Byron%2C+M%2E+J%2E%22">Byron, M. J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cohen%2C+J%2E+E%2E%22">Cohen, J. E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frattaroli%2C+S%2E%22">Frattaroli, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gittelsohn%2C+J%2E%22">Gittelsohn, J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jernigan%2C+D%2E+H%2E%22">Jernigan, D. H.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education+Research%22"><i>Health Education Research</i></searchLink>. Dec 2016 31(6):738-748.
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  Data: Oxford University Press. Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK. Tel: +44-1865-353907; Fax: +44-1865-353485; e-mail: jnls.cust.serv@oxfordjournals.org; Web site: http://her.oxfordjournals.org/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+Behavior%22">Health Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Behavior%22">Social Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Standards%22">Behavior Standards</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laws%22">Laws</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Health%22">Public Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compliance+%28Legal%29%22">Compliance (Legal)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Focus+Groups%22">Focus Groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Concept%22">Self Concept</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+Differences%22">Gender Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Policy%22">Public Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sanctions%22">Sanctions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Communications%22">Communications</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1093/her/cyw043
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  Data: 0268-1153
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Smoke-free laws, which ban smoking in public venues, can be effective in protecting public health, but it has been difficult to achieve compliance with these laws in low- and middle-income countries. This study was conducted to understand the social norms around public smoking and learn how to improve compliance in Bogor, the first Indonesian city to pass a comprehensive smoke-free law. Eleven stratified focus groups were conducted (n = 89). Data were analyzed using the theory of normative social behavior, which posits that the influence of descriptive norms (perceptions about what other people do) on behavior is moderated by injunctive norms (perceptions about what one is expected to do), outcome expectations and group identity. The findings showed that participants perceived smoking in public to be common for men (descriptive norm). Public smoking is acceptable except in places with air conditioning and around children or pregnant women (injunctive norms). Men smoke without penalty of social or legal sanctions (outcome expectations) and may feel affiliation with other smokers (group identity). Together, these factors support public smoking and inhibit compliance with the smoke-free law. Theory-based communication and policy remedies are suggested that may bolster compliance with Bogor's smoke-free law given the current pro-smoking norms.
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  Data: 2017
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  Data: EJ1143482
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        Value: 10.1093/her/cyw043
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      – SubjectFull: Indonesia
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