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Speaking in Turns and Sequences: Interactional Competence as a Target Construct in Testing Speaking

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Title: Speaking in Turns and Sequences: Interactional Competence as a Target Construct in Testing Speaking
Language: English
Authors: Roever, Carsten (ORCID 0000-0002-1055-6331), Kasper, Gabriele
Source: Language Testing. Jul 2018 35(3):331-355.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 25
Publication Date: 2018
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Language Tests, Testing, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Oral Language, Test Validity, Psycholinguistics, Communicative Competence (Languages), Interaction, Pragmatics, Evaluators, Speech Communication, Interviews
DOI: 10.1177/0265532218758128
ISSN: 0265-5322
Abstract: In the assessment of speaking, a psycholinguistically based speaking construct has predominated. In this paper, we argue for the integration of the construct of interactional competence (IC) in speaking assessments to broaden the range of defensible inferences from speaking tests. IC emphasizes the co-constructed nature of interaction and enables the rating of L2 users' ability to deploy interactional tools that lead to shared understandings. Recent work on IC shows that levels of development can be distinguished, for example, in the sequential organization of social actions such as requests and refusals. This can in turn inform interactionally specific ratings. Furthermore, an IC perspective allows a fine-grained analysis of interactions between examiners and test takers to detect effects of examiner talk. Apparent misunderstandings or disfluencies by test takers can be examiner-induced with the test taker's response actually demonstrating interactional ability rather than lack of proficiency. We argue that inclusion of IC as a construct in testing speaking opens new perspectives on oral proficiency and enhances the validity of speaking assessments.
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 96
Entry Date: 2018
Accession Number: EJ1183564
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Speaking in Turns and Sequences: Interactional Competence as a Target Construct in Testing Speaking
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Roever%2C+Carsten%22">Roever, Carsten</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1055-6331">0000-0002-1055-6331</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kasper%2C+Gabriele%22">Kasper, Gabriele</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Language+Testing%22"><i>Language Testing</i></searchLink>. Jul 2018 35(3):331-355.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Tests%22">Language Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Testing%22">Testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Learning%22">Second Language Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Proficiency%22">Language Proficiency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oral+Language%22">Oral Language</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Validity%22">Test Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psycholinguistics%22">Psycholinguistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Communicative+Competence+%28Languages%29%22">Communicative Competence (Languages)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interaction%22">Interaction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pragmatics%22">Pragmatics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluators%22">Evaluators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Communication%22">Speech Communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interviews%22">Interviews</searchLink>
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  Data: In the assessment of speaking, a psycholinguistically based speaking construct has predominated. In this paper, we argue for the integration of the construct of interactional competence (IC) in speaking assessments to broaden the range of defensible inferences from speaking tests. IC emphasizes the co-constructed nature of interaction and enables the rating of L2 users' ability to deploy interactional tools that lead to shared understandings. Recent work on IC shows that levels of development can be distinguished, for example, in the sequential organization of social actions such as requests and refusals. This can in turn inform interactionally specific ratings. Furthermore, an IC perspective allows a fine-grained analysis of interactions between examiners and test takers to detect effects of examiner talk. Apparent misunderstandings or disfluencies by test takers can be examiner-induced with the test taker's response actually demonstrating interactional ability rather than lack of proficiency. We argue that inclusion of IC as a construct in testing speaking opens new perspectives on oral proficiency and enhances the validity of speaking assessments.
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        Value: 10.1177/0265532218758128
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      – SubjectFull: Second Language Learning
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      – TitleFull: Speaking in Turns and Sequences: Interactional Competence as a Target Construct in Testing Speaking
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