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The Normative Underpinnings of Population-Level Alcohol Use: An Individual-Level Simulation Model

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Title: The Normative Underpinnings of Population-Level Alcohol Use: An Individual-Level Simulation Model
Language: English
Authors: Probst, Charlotte (ORCID 0000-0003-4360-697X), Vu, Tuong Manh, Epstein, Joshua M., Nielsen, Alexandra E., Buckley, Charlotte, Brennan, Alan, Rehm, Jürgen, Purshouse, Robin C.
Source: Health Education & Behavior. Apr 2020 47(2):224-234.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2020
Sponsoring Agency: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) (NIH)
Contract Number: R01AA024443
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Drinking, Simulation, Social Behavior, Behavior Standards, Health Behavior, Population Trends, Prediction, Behavior Change, Intervention, Personal Autonomy, Decision Making
DOI: 10.1177/1090198119880545
ISSN: 1090-1981
Abstract: Background: By defining what is "normal," appropriate, expected, and unacceptable, social norms shape human behavior. However, the individual-level mechanisms through which social norms impact population-level trends in health-relevant behaviors are not well understood. Aims: To test the ability of social norms mechanisms to predict changes in population-level drinking patterns. Method: An individual-level model was developed to simulate dynamic normative mechanisms and behavioral rules underlying drinking behavior over time. The model encompassed descriptive and injunctive drinking norms and their impact on frequency and quantity of alcohol use. A microsynthesis initialized in 1979 was used as a demographically representative synthetic U.S. population. Three experiments were performed in order to test the modelled normative mechanisms. Results: Overall, the experiments showed limited influence of normative interventions on population-level alcohol use. An increase in the desire to drink led to the most meaningful changes in the population's drinking behavior. The findings of the experiments underline the importance of autonomy, that is, the degree to which an individual is susceptible to normative influence. Conclusion: The model was able to predict theoretically plausible changes in drinking patterns at the population level through the impact of social mechanisms. Future applications of the model could be used to plan norms interventions pertaining to alcohol use as well as other health behaviors.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2020
Accession Number: EJ1247057
Database: ERIC
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Probst%2C+Charlotte%22">Probst, Charlotte</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-697X">0000-0003-4360-697X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vu%2C+Tuong+Manh%22">Vu, Tuong Manh</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Epstein%2C+Joshua+M%2E%22">Epstein, Joshua M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nielsen%2C+Alexandra+E%2E%22">Nielsen, Alexandra E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buckley%2C+Charlotte%22">Buckley, Charlotte</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brennan%2C+Alan%22">Brennan, Alan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rehm%2C+Jürgen%22">Rehm, Jürgen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Purshouse%2C+Robin+C%2E%22">Purshouse, Robin C.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education+%26+Behavior%22"><i>Health Education & Behavior</i></searchLink>. Apr 2020 47(2):224-234.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drinking%22">Drinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation%22">Simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Behavior%22">Social Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Standards%22">Behavior Standards</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+Behavior%22">Health Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Population+Trends%22">Population Trends</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prediction%22">Prediction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Change%22">Behavior Change</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personal+Autonomy%22">Personal Autonomy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decision+Making%22">Decision Making</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/1090198119880545
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  Data: 1090-1981
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  Data: Background: By defining what is "normal," appropriate, expected, and unacceptable, social norms shape human behavior. However, the individual-level mechanisms through which social norms impact population-level trends in health-relevant behaviors are not well understood. Aims: To test the ability of social norms mechanisms to predict changes in population-level drinking patterns. Method: An individual-level model was developed to simulate dynamic normative mechanisms and behavioral rules underlying drinking behavior over time. The model encompassed descriptive and injunctive drinking norms and their impact on frequency and quantity of alcohol use. A microsynthesis initialized in 1979 was used as a demographically representative synthetic U.S. population. Three experiments were performed in order to test the modelled normative mechanisms. Results: Overall, the experiments showed limited influence of normative interventions on population-level alcohol use. An increase in the desire to drink led to the most meaningful changes in the population's drinking behavior. The findings of the experiments underline the importance of autonomy, that is, the degree to which an individual is susceptible to normative influence. Conclusion: The model was able to predict theoretically plausible changes in drinking patterns at the population level through the impact of social mechanisms. Future applications of the model could be used to plan norms interventions pertaining to alcohol use as well as other health behaviors.
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      – SubjectFull: Simulation
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      – SubjectFull: Social Behavior
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