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Auditory-Motor Perturbations of Voice Fundamental Frequency: Feedback Delay and Amplification

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Title: Auditory-Motor Perturbations of Voice Fundamental Frequency: Feedback Delay and Amplification
Language: English
Authors: Weerathunge, Hasini R. (ORCID 0000-0002-0240-9104), Abur, Defne (ORCID 0000-0002-0410-8487), Enos, Nicole M. (ORCID 0000-0003-0423-4288), Brown, Katherine M. (ORCID 0000-0002-7686-4337), Stepp, Cara E. (ORCID 0000-0002-8045-252X)
Source: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Sep 2020 63(9):2846-2860.
Availability: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 15
Publication Date: 2020
Sponsoring Agency: National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Contract Number: P50DC015446
T32DC013017
R01DC016270
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Acoustics, Articulation (Speech), Auditory Stimuli, Young Adults, Auditory Perception, Feedback (Response)
DOI: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00407
ISSN: 1092-4388
Abstract: Purpose: Gradual and sudden perturbations of vocal fundamental frequency (f[subscript o]), also known as adaptive and reflexive f[subscript o] perturbations, are techniques to study the influence of auditory feedback on voice f[subscript o] control mechanisms. Previous vocal f[subscript o] perturbations have incorporated varied setup-specific feedback delays and amplifications. Here, we investigated the effects of feedback delays (10--100 ms) and amplifications on both adaptive and reflexive f[subscript o] perturbation paradigms, encapsulating the variability in equipment-specific delays (3--45 ms) and amplifications utilized in previous experiments. Method: Responses to adaptive and reflexive f[subscript o] perturbations were recorded in 24 typical speakers for four delay conditions (10, 40, 70, and 100 ms) or three amplification conditions (-10, +5, and +10 dB relative to microphone) in a counterbalanced order. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were carried out on the magnitude of f[subscript o] responses to determine the effect of feedback condition. Results: There was a statistically significant effect of the level of auditory feedback amplification on the response magnitude during adaptive f[subscript o] perturbations, driven by the difference between +10- and -10-dB amplification conditions (hold phase difference: M = 38.3 cents, SD = 51.2 cents; after-effect phase: M = 66.1 cents, SD = 84.6 cents). No other statistically significant effects of condition were found for either paradigm. Conclusions: Experimental equipment delays below 100 ms in behavioral paradigms do not affect the results of f[subscript o] perturbation paradigms. As there is no statistically significant difference between the response magnitudes elicited by +5- and +10-dB auditory amplification conditions, this study is a confirmation that an auditory feedback amplification of +5 dB relative to microphone is sufficient to elicit robust compensatory responses for f[subscript o] perturbation paradigms.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2021
Accession Number: EJ1280535
Database: ERIC
FullText Links:
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  Data: Auditory-Motor Perturbations of Voice Fundamental Frequency: Feedback Delay and Amplification
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weerathunge%2C+Hasini+R%2E%22">Weerathunge, Hasini R.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-9104">0000-0002-0240-9104</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abur%2C+Defne%22">Abur, Defne</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0410-8487">0000-0002-0410-8487</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Enos%2C+Nicole+M%2E%22">Enos, Nicole M.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-4288">0000-0003-0423-4288</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brown%2C+Katherine+M%2E%22">Brown, Katherine M.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-4337">0000-0002-7686-4337</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stepp%2C+Cara+E%2E%22">Stepp, Cara E.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8045-252X">0000-0002-8045-252X</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language%2C+and+Hearing+Research%22"><i>Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research</i></searchLink>. Sep 2020 63(9):2846-2860.
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  Data: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
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  Data: 15
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  Data: National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
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  Data: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00407
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  Data: 1092-4388
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  Data: Purpose: Gradual and sudden perturbations of vocal fundamental frequency (f[subscript o]), also known as adaptive and reflexive f[subscript o] perturbations, are techniques to study the influence of auditory feedback on voice f[subscript o] control mechanisms. Previous vocal f[subscript o] perturbations have incorporated varied setup-specific feedback delays and amplifications. Here, we investigated the effects of feedback delays (10--100 ms) and amplifications on both adaptive and reflexive f[subscript o] perturbation paradigms, encapsulating the variability in equipment-specific delays (3--45 ms) and amplifications utilized in previous experiments. Method: Responses to adaptive and reflexive f[subscript o] perturbations were recorded in 24 typical speakers for four delay conditions (10, 40, 70, and 100 ms) or three amplification conditions (-10, +5, and +10 dB relative to microphone) in a counterbalanced order. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were carried out on the magnitude of f[subscript o] responses to determine the effect of feedback condition. Results: There was a statistically significant effect of the level of auditory feedback amplification on the response magnitude during adaptive f[subscript o] perturbations, driven by the difference between +10- and -10-dB amplification conditions (hold phase difference: M = 38.3 cents, SD = 51.2 cents; after-effect phase: M = 66.1 cents, SD = 84.6 cents). No other statistically significant effects of condition were found for either paradigm. Conclusions: Experimental equipment delays below 100 ms in behavioral paradigms do not affect the results of f[subscript o] perturbation paradigms. As there is no statistically significant difference between the response magnitudes elicited by +5- and +10-dB auditory amplification conditions, this study is a confirmation that an auditory feedback amplification of +5 dB relative to microphone is sufficient to elicit robust compensatory responses for f[subscript o] perturbation paradigms.
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