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Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital: Two Powerful Theories That Nicely Complement One Another

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Title: Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital: Two Powerful Theories That Nicely Complement One Another
Language: English
Authors: Galbraith, John Morrison (ORCID 0000-0002-2286-469X), Shaik, Sason (ORCID 0000-0001-7643-9421), Danovich, David (ORCID 0000-0002-8730-5119), Brai¨da, Benoît (ORCID 0000-0003-3725-3215), Wu, Wei (ORCID 0000-0002-6139-5443), Hiberty, Philippe (ORCID 0000-0002-7081-4654), Cooper, David L. (ORCID 0000-0003-0639-0794), Karadakov, Peter B. (ORCID 0000-0002-2673-6804), Dunning, Thom H. (ORCID 0000-0002-3290-6507)
Source: Journal of Chemical Education. Dec 2021 98(12):3617-3620.
Availability: Division of Chemical Education, Inc. and ACS Publications Division of the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. Tel: 800-227-5558; Tel: 202-872-4600; e-mail: eic@jce.acs.org; Web site: http://pubs.acs.org/jchemeduc
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 4
Publication Date: 2021
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Chemistry, Introductory Courses, Textbook Content, Molecular Structure, Misconceptions, Scientific Concepts, Concept Formation, Teaching Methods, Course Content
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c00919
ISSN: 0021-9584
Abstract: Introductory chemistry textbooks often present valence bond (VB) theory as useful, but incorrect and inferior to molecular orbital (MO) theory, citing the electronic structure of O[subscript 2] and electron delocalization as evidence. Even texts that initially present the two theories on equal footing use language that biases students toward the MO approach. However, these "failures" of VB are really just misconceptions and/or misapplications of the theory. At their theoretical limits, both VB and MO are equivalent; they simply approach that limit from different sides. Certain concepts may be easier to grasp with one theory or the other so that having a commanding knowledge of both is extremely beneficial. However, presenting one theory as superior to the other suppresses the ability to look at a problem from both sides and is therefore detrimental to students and the whole of chemistry. It is time for VB and MO to be taught on equal footing like the complementary theories they are.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2021
Accession Number: EJ1319458
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Galbraith%2C+John+Morrison%22">Galbraith, John Morrison</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-469X">0000-0002-2286-469X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shaik%2C+Sason%22">Shaik, Sason</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7643-9421">0000-0001-7643-9421</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Danovich%2C+David%22">Danovich, David</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8730-5119">0000-0002-8730-5119</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brai¨da%2C+Benoît%22">Brai¨da, Benoît</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3725-3215">0000-0003-3725-3215</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Wei%22">Wu, Wei</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6139-5443">0000-0002-6139-5443</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hiberty%2C+Philippe%22">Hiberty, Philippe</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-4654">0000-0002-7081-4654</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cooper%2C+David+L%2E%22">Cooper, David L.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0639-0794">0000-0003-0639-0794</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karadakov%2C+Peter+B%2E%22">Karadakov, Peter B.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2673-6804">0000-0002-2673-6804</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dunning%2C+Thom+H%2E%22">Dunning, Thom H.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-6507">0000-0002-3290-6507</externalLink>)
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  Data: Division of Chemical Education, Inc. and ACS Publications Division of the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. Tel: 800-227-5558; Tel: 202-872-4600; e-mail: eic@jce.acs.org; Web site: http://pubs.acs.org/jchemeduc
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  Data: 4
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  Data: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c00919
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  Data: 0021-9584
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  Data: Introductory chemistry textbooks often present valence bond (VB) theory as useful, but incorrect and inferior to molecular orbital (MO) theory, citing the electronic structure of O[subscript 2] and electron delocalization as evidence. Even texts that initially present the two theories on equal footing use language that biases students toward the MO approach. However, these "failures" of VB are really just misconceptions and/or misapplications of the theory. At their theoretical limits, both VB and MO are equivalent; they simply approach that limit from different sides. Certain concepts may be easier to grasp with one theory or the other so that having a commanding knowledge of both is extremely beneficial. However, presenting one theory as superior to the other suppresses the ability to look at a problem from both sides and is therefore detrimental to students and the whole of chemistry. It is time for VB and MO to be taught on equal footing like the complementary theories they are.
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