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Concussion Public Policy in Elementary and High Schools in Ontario, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Survey to Examine Implementation Compliance, Barriers, and Facilitators

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Title: Concussion Public Policy in Elementary and High Schools in Ontario, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Survey to Examine Implementation Compliance, Barriers, and Facilitators
Language: English
Authors: Mylabathula, Swapna (ORCID 0000-0002-8480-3278), Macarthur, Colin, Mylabathula, Sandhya, Colantonio, Angela, Guttmann, Astrid, Tator, Charles H.
Source: Journal of School Health. Jan 2023 93(1):14-24.
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2023
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
High Schools
Secondary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Head Injuries, Brain, Elementary Schools, High Schools, Compliance (Legal), Barriers, Principals, Public Policy
Geographic Terms: Canada
DOI: 10.1111/josh.13245
ISSN: 0022-4391
1746-1561
Abstract: Background: Concussion public policies have been developed to address the burden of concussions. The aim of the present study was to examine implementation compliance, barriers, and facilitators of Canada's first concussion public policy, Ontario's Policy/Program Memorandum 158: School Board Policies on Concussion (PPM158). Methods: An electronic survey was sent to 515 randomly selected elementary and high school principals across specific geographic, language, and publicly funded school types in Ontario. Data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Results: One hundred and thirty-five principals responded to the survey (26%). Concussion education was provided to teachers in 81% of schools, to students in 83%, and coaches in 79%. Additionally, 89% reported having a return-to-learn protocol in place and 90% reported having a return-to-play protocol. Implementation barriers included difficulties in providing concussion education to parents (42%), obtaining notes from physicians, and maintaining the volume of documentation. Eighty-seven percent of respondents believed that PPM158 improves student well-being. Conclusions: Identified implementation barriers and facilitators can inform concussion policy practices to improve student well-being. We recommend: (1) an appointed concussion policy lead at each school, (2) electronic documentation, (3) determining the optimal education format to improve parent/guardian education, (4) fostering relationships between schools and health care professionals, and (5) student concussion education in every grade in Ontario schools.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2022
Accession Number: EJ1358190
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Concussion Public Policy in Elementary and High Schools in Ontario, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Survey to Examine Implementation Compliance, Barriers, and Facilitators
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mylabathula%2C+Swapna%22">Mylabathula, Swapna</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-3278">0000-0002-8480-3278</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Macarthur%2C+Colin%22">Macarthur, Colin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mylabathula%2C+Sandhya%22">Mylabathula, Sandhya</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colantonio%2C+Angela%22">Colantonio, Angela</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guttmann%2C+Astrid%22">Guttmann, Astrid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tator%2C+Charles+H%2E%22">Tator, Charles H.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+School+Health%22"><i>Journal of School Health</i></searchLink>. Jan 2023 93(1):14-24.
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
– Name: PeerReviewed
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 11
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22High+Schools%22">High Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Secondary+Education%22">Secondary Education</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Descriptors
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Head+Injuries%22">Head Injuries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain%22">Brain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+Schools%22">Elementary Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+Schools%22">High Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compliance+%28Legal%29%22">Compliance (Legal)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Barriers%22">Barriers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Principals%22">Principals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Policy%22">Public Policy</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Canada%22">Canada</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1111/josh.13245
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 0022-4391<br />1746-1561
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Concussion public policies have been developed to address the burden of concussions. The aim of the present study was to examine implementation compliance, barriers, and facilitators of Canada's first concussion public policy, Ontario's Policy/Program Memorandum 158: School Board Policies on Concussion (PPM158). Methods: An electronic survey was sent to 515 randomly selected elementary and high school principals across specific geographic, language, and publicly funded school types in Ontario. Data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Results: One hundred and thirty-five principals responded to the survey (26%). Concussion education was provided to teachers in 81% of schools, to students in 83%, and coaches in 79%. Additionally, 89% reported having a return-to-learn protocol in place and 90% reported having a return-to-play protocol. Implementation barriers included difficulties in providing concussion education to parents (42%), obtaining notes from physicians, and maintaining the volume of documentation. Eighty-seven percent of respondents believed that PPM158 improves student well-being. Conclusions: Identified implementation barriers and facilitators can inform concussion policy practices to improve student well-being. We recommend: (1) an appointed concussion policy lead at each school, (2) electronic documentation, (3) determining the optimal education format to improve parent/guardian education, (4) fostering relationships between schools and health care professionals, and (5) student concussion education in every grade in Ontario schools.
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Head Injuries
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      – SubjectFull: Brain
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary Schools
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      – SubjectFull: High Schools
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