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An Investigation of the Dunning-Kruger Effect in First-Year College Students during Distance Education

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Title: An Investigation of the Dunning-Kruger Effect in First-Year College Students during Distance Education
Authors: Erman Dogan, Senol Güven, Nihal Dal, Serdar Tok, Utku Isik
Source: Journal of Educators Online. 2023 20(4).
Availability: Journal of Educators Online. Grand Canyon University, 23300 West Camelback Road, Phoenix, AZ 85017. e-mail: CIRT@gcu.edu. Web site: https://www.thejeo.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 6
Publication Date: 2023
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: College Freshmen, Distance Education, Self Concept, Low Achievement, College Students, Grades (Scholastic), Online Courses, Foreign Countries, Prediction
Geographic Terms: Turkey
ISSN: 1547-500X
Abstract: The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to low performing individuals' tendency to overestimate their performance. The metacognitive deficit is thought to be responsible for this inflated self-assessment observed among the low performers. The present study investigated whether the Dunning-Kruger effect occurs in college students during online distance education. A total of 41 college students enrolled in a Learning Psychology course took four online multiple-choice tests immediately following 1-hour online Learning Psychology courses. After each exam, participants estimated their grade points and also rated confidence in their grade point estimations. We performed a series of independent sample t-tests after we had grouped the students as higher and lower performers based on a median split of the actual exam grade points. The analysis demonstrated that lower performing students' deviation of self-estimated grade points from real grade points was significantly greater than higher performing students. Confidence in grade point estimation did not differ between high performers and low performers. Overall, the results indicated that lower performing students overestimated their grade points by an average of 13.5%. On the other hand, lower performing students were as confident in their grade point prediction as higher performing students.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Accession Number: EJ1407623
Database: ERIC
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  Data: An Investigation of the Dunning-Kruger Effect in First-Year College Students during Distance Education
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Erman+Dogan%22">Erman Dogan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Senol+Güven%22">Senol Güven</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nihal+Dal%22">Nihal Dal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Serdar+Tok%22">Serdar Tok</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Utku+Isik%22">Utku Isik</searchLink>
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  Data: Journal of Educators Online. Grand Canyon University, 23300 West Camelback Road, Phoenix, AZ 85017. e-mail: CIRT@gcu.edu. Web site: https://www.thejeo.com
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to low performing individuals' tendency to overestimate their performance. The metacognitive deficit is thought to be responsible for this inflated self-assessment observed among the low performers. The present study investigated whether the Dunning-Kruger effect occurs in college students during online distance education. A total of 41 college students enrolled in a Learning Psychology course took four online multiple-choice tests immediately following 1-hour online Learning Psychology courses. After each exam, participants estimated their grade points and also rated confidence in their grade point estimations. We performed a series of independent sample t-tests after we had grouped the students as higher and lower performers based on a median split of the actual exam grade points. The analysis demonstrated that lower performing students' deviation of self-estimated grade points from real grade points was significantly greater than higher performing students. Confidence in grade point estimation did not differ between high performers and low performers. Overall, the results indicated that lower performing students overestimated their grade points by an average of 13.5%. On the other hand, lower performing students were as confident in their grade point prediction as higher performing students.
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: College Freshmen
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Distance Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self Concept
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Low Achievement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grades (Scholastic)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Online Courses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prediction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turkey
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: An Investigation of the Dunning-Kruger Effect in First-Year College Students during Distance Education
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            NameFull: Senol Güven
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            NameFull: Nihal Dal
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            NameFull: Serdar Tok
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            NameFull: Utku Isik
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              Type: published
              Y: 2023
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