Adolescent School Belonging and Mental Health Outcomes in Young Adulthood: Findings from a Multi-Wave Prospective Cohort Study

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Title: Adolescent School Belonging and Mental Health Outcomes in Young Adulthood: Findings from a Multi-Wave Prospective Cohort Study
Language: English
Authors: Kelly-Ann Allen (ORCID 0000-0002-6813-0034), Christopher J. Greenwood, Emily Berger, Lefteris Patlamazoglou, Andrea Reupert, Gerald Wurf, Fiona May, Meredith O'Connor, Ann Sanson, Craig A. Olsson, Primrose Letcher
Source: School Mental Health. 2024 16(1):149-160.
Availability: Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 12
Publication Date: 2024
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Longitudinal Studies, Young Adults, Adolescents, Secondary School Students, Well Being, Depression (Psychology), Anxiety, Mental Health, Student School Relationship
Geographic Terms: Australia
DOI: 10.1007/s12310-023-09626-6
ISSN: 1866-2625
1866-2633
Abstract: School belonging, sometimes referred to as school belonging or school connectedness, involves dimensions like positive affect towards school, relationships with teachers, and feeling socially valued. Previous research points to immediate benefits for students' mental health and wellbeing; however, evidence on the potential long-term benefits of school belonging for mental health--once young people leave the school setting--is limited. This study used data on 1568 adults from the Australian Temperament Project (ATP), a 16-wave longitudinal study which has tracked participants since infancy. The short form of the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) School Life Questionnaire was used to assess secondary school belonging at age 15-16 years whilst young adult mental health symptoms were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) at 19-20, 23-24, and 27-28 years. Generalised Estimating Equation models were used to examine the link between secondary school belonging and mental health symptoms in young adulthood. Results showed that higher levels of all aspects of school belonging were associated with lower mental health symptoms across young adulthood ([beta] range - 0.05 to - 0.20). Associations were similar by gender. These findings underscore the importance of adolescent school belonging and in particular school status in reference to feeling socially valued, as a long-term protective factor that can mitigate against later depression, anxiety, and stress.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Accession Number: EJ1418355
Database: ERIC
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kelly-Ann+Allen%22">Kelly-Ann Allen</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-0034">0000-0002-6813-0034</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christopher+J%2E+Greenwood%22">Christopher J. Greenwood</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Emily+Berger%22">Emily Berger</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lefteris+Patlamazoglou%22">Lefteris Patlamazoglou</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andrea+Reupert%22">Andrea Reupert</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gerald+Wurf%22">Gerald Wurf</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fiona+May%22">Fiona May</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meredith+O'Connor%22">Meredith O'Connor</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ann+Sanson%22">Ann Sanson</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Craig+A%2E+Olsson%22">Craig A. Olsson</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Primrose+Letcher%22">Primrose Letcher</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22School+Mental+Health%22"><i>School Mental Health</i></searchLink>. 2024 16(1):149-160.
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  Data: Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+Studies%22">Longitudinal Studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+Adults%22">Young Adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescents%22">Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+School+Students%22">Secondary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Well+Being%22">Well Being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Depression+%28Psychology%29%22">Depression (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+Health%22">Mental Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+School+Relationship%22">Student School Relationship</searchLink>
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  Data: School belonging, sometimes referred to as school belonging or school connectedness, involves dimensions like positive affect towards school, relationships with teachers, and feeling socially valued. Previous research points to immediate benefits for students' mental health and wellbeing; however, evidence on the potential long-term benefits of school belonging for mental health--once young people leave the school setting--is limited. This study used data on 1568 adults from the Australian Temperament Project (ATP), a 16-wave longitudinal study which has tracked participants since infancy. The short form of the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) School Life Questionnaire was used to assess secondary school belonging at age 15-16 years whilst young adult mental health symptoms were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) at 19-20, 23-24, and 27-28 years. Generalised Estimating Equation models were used to examine the link between secondary school belonging and mental health symptoms in young adulthood. Results showed that higher levels of all aspects of school belonging were associated with lower mental health symptoms across young adulthood ([beta] range - 0.05 to - 0.20). Associations were similar by gender. These findings underscore the importance of adolescent school belonging and in particular school status in reference to feeling socially valued, as a long-term protective factor that can mitigate against later depression, anxiety, and stress.
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