Differential Effects of a Behavioral Treatment Probe on Social Gaze Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorder
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| Title: | Differential Effects of a Behavioral Treatment Probe on Social Gaze Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorder |
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| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Scott S. Hall (ORCID |
| Source: | Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2024 54(7):2719-2732. |
| Availability: | Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/ |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 14 |
| Publication Date: | 2024 |
| Sponsoring Agency: | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (DHHS/NIH) |
| Contract Number: | R01HD081336 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: | Social Development, Interpersonal Competence, Behavior Change, Nonverbal Communication, Physiology, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Task Analysis, Intellectual Disability, Outcomes of Treatment, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Males, Children, Matched Groups, Therapy, Interpersonal Relationship, Relaxation Training, Measurement, Comparative Analysis, Early Intervention |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10803-023-05919-6 |
| ISSN: | 0162-3257 1573-3432 |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to examine potential differences in social learning between individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS), the leading known inherited cause of intellectual disability, and individuals with non-syndromic autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Thirty school-aged males with FXS and 26 age and symptom-matched males with non-syndromic ASD, were administered a behavioral treatment probe designed to improve levels of social gaze during interactions with others. The treatment probe was administered by a trained behavior therapist over two days in our laboratory and included reinforcement of social gaze in two alternating training conditions -- looking while listening and looking while speaking. Prior to each session, children in each group were taught progressive muscle relaxation and breathing techniques to counteract potential increased hyperarousal. Measures included the rate of learning in each group during treatment, in addition to levels of social gaze and heart rate obtained during administration of a standardized social conversation task administered prior to and following the treatment probe. Results showed that learning rates obtained during administration of the treatment probe were significantly less steep and less variable for males with FXS compared to males with non-syndromic ASD. Significant improvements in social gaze were also observed for males with FXS during the social conversation task. There was no effect of the treatment probe on heart rate in either group. These data reveal important differences in social learning between the two groups and have implications for early interventions in the two conditions. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2024 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1432992 |
| Database: | ERIC |
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