Socioeconomic Adversity and Higher Education: Is the Quota Law a Potential Bridge to Social Mobility in Brazil?
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| Title: | Socioeconomic Adversity and Higher Education: Is the Quota Law a Potential Bridge to Social Mobility in Brazil? |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Fernanda Maria de Almeida (ORCID |
| Source: | Education Policy Analysis Archives. 2024 32(30). |
| Availability: | Colleges of Education at Arizona State University and the University of South Florida. c/o Editor, USF EDU162, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620-5650. Tel: 813-974-3400; Fax: 813-974-3826; Web site: https://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/index.php/epaa |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 21 |
| Publication Date: | 2024 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Education Level: | Higher Education Postsecondary Education |
| Descriptors: | Foreign Countries, Educational Policy, Social Mobility, College Students, Socioeconomic Status, Public Policy, Low Income Students, Access to Education, College Admission, Admission Criteria, Quotas, Family Income, Minority Group Students |
| Geographic Terms: | Brazil |
| ISSN: | 1068-2341 |
| Abstract: | This article aims to contribute to the debate on the role of the Quota Law regarding the potential social mobility of students with high socioeconomic adversity, using administrative data from a federal university in Brazil. We used Confirmatory Factor Analysis technique to construct an adversity index, composed of variables that may negatively affect access to higher education, such as students' socioeconomic background, parental education, and ethnicity. We classified courses by expected earnings and assessed how background is associated with course choice. Then, we used regression models estimated by the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to identify the relative importance of the interaction between quota categories with the adversity index and the score on the admission exam (National High School Examination -- "Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio" -- ENEM) to predict course choice and consequent possibility of social mobility. The results showed that quotas can reduce the negative effects of socioeconomic adversity on social mobility. However, they are not completely sufficient to "break" the effects of the low quality of secondary education in relation to ENEM performance and, consequently, social mobility |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2024 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1437551 |
| Database: | ERIC |
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