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Robots' Social Behaviors for Language Learning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Title: Robots' Social Behaviors for Language Learning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Language: English
Authors: Feifei Wang, Alan C. K. Cheung
Source: Review of Educational Research. 2025 95(2):175-212.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 38
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Information Analyses
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education
Descriptors: Robotics, Social Behavior, Second Language Learning, Elementary Secondary Education, Social Support Groups, Vocabulary Development, English (Second Language), Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Program Effectiveness, Foreign Countries
Geographic Terms: United States, Taiwan, Netherlands, Japan, Iran, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Turkey, Germany, Italy, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Algeria
DOI: 10.3102/00346543231216437
ISSN: 0034-6543
1935-1046
Abstract: Although robots' social behaviors are known for their capacity to facilitate learner-robot interaction for language learning, their application and effect have not been adequately explored. This study reviewed 59 empirical articles to examine the contexts and application of various social behaviors of robots for language learning, and conducted a meta-analysis of 18 study samples to evaluate the effect of robots' social supportive behaviors on language learning achievement. Results indicate that robots' social behaviors have mostly been applied in the studies with K-12 students, for learning vocabulary in English, including small sample sizes of below 80 participants, and lasting for one session. Second, various verbal and non-verbal behaviors of robots have been identified and applied, showing mixed results on language learning achievement. Third, robots' social supportive behaviors have produced a positive effect on language learning achievement compared to neutral behaviors (g = 0.269). Finally, detailed suggestions for future research are discussed.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1470516
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Robots' Social Behaviors for Language Learning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Robotics%22">Robotics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Behavior%22">Social Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Learning%22">Second Language Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Support+Groups%22">Social Support Groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocabulary+Development%22">Vocabulary Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22English+%28Second+Language%29%22">English (Second Language)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+Intelligence%22">Artificial Intelligence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+Uses+in+Education%22">Technology Uses in Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Program+Effectiveness%22">Program Effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink>
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  Data: Although robots' social behaviors are known for their capacity to facilitate learner-robot interaction for language learning, their application and effect have not been adequately explored. This study reviewed 59 empirical articles to examine the contexts and application of various social behaviors of robots for language learning, and conducted a meta-analysis of 18 study samples to evaluate the effect of robots' social supportive behaviors on language learning achievement. Results indicate that robots' social behaviors have mostly been applied in the studies with K-12 students, for learning vocabulary in English, including small sample sizes of below 80 participants, and lasting for one session. Second, various verbal and non-verbal behaviors of robots have been identified and applied, showing mixed results on language learning achievement. Third, robots' social supportive behaviors have produced a positive effect on language learning achievement compared to neutral behaviors (g = 0.269). Finally, detailed suggestions for future research are discussed.
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