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Associations of Adolescent Menstrual Symptoms with School Absences and Educational Attainment: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study

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Title: Associations of Adolescent Menstrual Symptoms with School Absences and Educational Attainment: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study
Language: English
Authors: Gemma Sawyer (ORCID 0000-0003-1185-5744), Abigail Fraser, Deborah A. Lawlor, Gemma C. Sharp, Laura D. Howe
Source: npj Science of Learning. 2025 10.
Availability: Nature Portfolio. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://www.nature.com/npjscilearn/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 8
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: Females, Physiology, Adolescents, Attendance, Academic Achievement, Correlation, Foreign Countries, Tests, Scores, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Secondary School Students
Geographic Terms: United Kingdom
DOI: 10.1038/s41539-025-00338-x
ISSN: 2056-7936
Abstract: Menstrual symptoms may negatively impact academic achievement, but rigorous population-based studies are lacking. 2,698 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) self-reported heavy or prolonged bleeding and menstrual pain during adolescence and multivariable regression were used to estimate associations with linked data on absences and attainment at age 15/16, adjusting for confounders. Heavy or prolonged bleeding and pain were associated with missing 1.7 (16.58% increase) and 1.2 (12.83% increase) additional days of school per year, respectively, and 48% and 42% higher odds of persistent ([greater than or equal to]10%) absence. Heavy or prolonged bleeding was associated with lower examination scores (-5.7 points) and 27% lower odds of achieving five standard passes. The association between pain and attainment was weaker but still present (-3.14 points; 95% CI: -7.46, 1.17; 16% lower odds of five standard passes). Greater research and support are needed to prevent adolescents' menstrual symptoms impacting their academic achievement.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1480898
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Nature Portfolio. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://www.nature.com/npjscilearn/
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  Data: Menstrual symptoms may negatively impact academic achievement, but rigorous population-based studies are lacking. 2,698 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) self-reported heavy or prolonged bleeding and menstrual pain during adolescence and multivariable regression were used to estimate associations with linked data on absences and attainment at age 15/16, adjusting for confounders. Heavy or prolonged bleeding and pain were associated with missing 1.7 (16.58% increase) and 1.2 (12.83% increase) additional days of school per year, respectively, and 48% and 42% higher odds of persistent ([greater than or equal to]10%) absence. Heavy or prolonged bleeding was associated with lower examination scores (-5.7 points) and 27% lower odds of achieving five standard passes. The association between pain and attainment was weaker but still present (-3.14 points; 95% CI: -7.46, 1.17; 16% lower odds of five standard passes). Greater research and support are needed to prevent adolescents' menstrual symptoms impacting their academic achievement.
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