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The N2 during Preschool: Temporal Stability and a Test of Bidirectional Effects with Maternal Emotion Characteristics in a White, European-American Sample

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Title: The N2 during Preschool: Temporal Stability and a Test of Bidirectional Effects with Maternal Emotion Characteristics in a White, European-American Sample
Language: English
Authors: Anahid Akbaryan, Reese C. Burkey, Peter J. Ramirez, Ashley L. Walker, JungWon Choi, Sejal Mistry-Patel, Jennifer L. Kling, Rebecca J. Brooker (ORCID 0000-0003-0098-0961)
Source: Child Development. 2025 96(5):1825-1838.
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 14
Publication Date: 2025
Sponsoring Agency: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (DHHS/NIH)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) (DHHS/NIH)
Contract Number: K01MH100240
R01MH113669
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Behavior Development, Inhibition, Mothers, Psychological Patterns, Whites, Child Behavior, Parent Child Relationship, Child Development
Geographic Terms: Montana
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.70004
ISSN: 0009-3920
1467-8624
Abstract: Despite well-documented behavioral changes, the development of neuropsychological substrates underlying inhibitory control remains unknown, hindering understanding of this construct over time. Stability and change in N2, a neural correlate of inhibitory control, and its crosslagged, bidirectional associations with maternal emotion characteristics were examined in 121 preschoolers (59% female, predominantly White) between 2014 and 2017. N2 was stable from 3 to 5 years of age. Greater maternal negativity at age 4 predicted smaller N2 amplitudes in preschoolers at age 5 ([beta] = 0.22); preschoolers' N2 amplitudes did not predict subsequent emotion characteristics in mothers. Findings provide initial evidence for mother-to-child, but not child-to-mother effects linking N2 with mothers' emotion characteristics and a foundation for future longitudinal work on developing neural correlates of inhibitory control in preschoolers.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://osf.io/wavrp/?view_only=9210cace008c4bd1b19956bce1ed32be
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1481824
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: The N2 during Preschool: Temporal Stability and a Test of Bidirectional Effects with Maternal Emotion Characteristics in a White, European-American Sample
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anahid+Akbaryan%22">Anahid Akbaryan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reese+C%2E+Burkey%22">Reese C. Burkey</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peter+J%2E+Ramirez%22">Peter J. Ramirez</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ashley+L%2E+Walker%22">Ashley L. Walker</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22JungWon+Choi%22">JungWon Choi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sejal+Mistry-Patel%22">Sejal Mistry-Patel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jennifer+L%2E+Kling%22">Jennifer L. Kling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rebecca+J%2E+Brooker%22">Rebecca J. Brooker</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-0961">0000-0003-0098-0961</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Child+Development%22"><i>Child Development</i></searchLink>. 2025 96(5):1825-1838.
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: 14
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  Data: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (DHHS/NIH)<br />National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) (DHHS/NIH)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+Children%22">Preschool Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Development%22">Behavior Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inhibition%22">Inhibition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+Patterns%22">Psychological Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Whites%22">Whites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Behavior%22">Child Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parent+Child+Relationship%22">Parent Child Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Development%22">Child Development</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Montana%22">Montana</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1111/cdev.70004
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  Data: 0009-3920<br />1467-8624
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Despite well-documented behavioral changes, the development of neuropsychological substrates underlying inhibitory control remains unknown, hindering understanding of this construct over time. Stability and change in N2, a neural correlate of inhibitory control, and its crosslagged, bidirectional associations with maternal emotion characteristics were examined in 121 preschoolers (59% female, predominantly White) between 2014 and 2017. N2 was stable from 3 to 5 years of age. Greater maternal negativity at age 4 predicted smaller N2 amplitudes in preschoolers at age 5 ([beta] = 0.22); preschoolers' N2 amplitudes did not predict subsequent emotion characteristics in mothers. Findings provide initial evidence for mother-to-child, but not child-to-mother effects linking N2 with mothers' emotion characteristics and a foundation for future longitudinal work on developing neural correlates of inhibitory control in preschoolers.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: https://osf.io/wavrp/?view_only=9210cace008c4bd1b19956bce1ed32be
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: EJ1481824
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1481824
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      – SubjectFull: Preschool Children
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      – SubjectFull: Inhibition
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