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Literature Review of Errors in Spelling English Consonants and Vowels by Arabic Speakers and Remedial Interventions

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Title: Literature Review of Errors in Spelling English Consonants and Vowels by Arabic Speakers and Remedial Interventions
Language: English
Authors: Zainab A. Allaith
Source: rEFLections. 2025 32(2):1047-1075.
Availability: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi School of Liberal Arts. 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, Thailand 10140. Tel: +66-2470-8756; Fax: +66-2428-3375; Web site: https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/reflections/index
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 29
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Information Analyses
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Spelling, Error Patterns, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Phonemes, Vowels, Arabic, Intervention, Interference (Language), Written Language, Phonological Awareness, Morphology (Languages), Semantics, Language Proficiency
ISSN: 1513-5934
2651-1479
Abstract: Spelling remains a fundamental skill to acquire because it is foundational for successful literacy attainment, even with the advancement of technological writing tools. Nevertheless, it is an understudied skill in research, especially among language learners. This literature review aims to shed light on the English spelling skills of Arabic L1 speakers. The findings are organized around three domains: (1) common errors in English writing made by Arabic L1 speakers, (2) comparative studies examining the English spelling performance of Arabic L1 learners versus learners from other language backgrounds, and (3) effective English spelling interventions for Arabic L1 learners. Synthesizing findings across these studies reveals spelling errors that can be attributed to cross-linguistic transfer from Arabic to English and errors that pertain to the complexity of the English-language orthography, along with promising interventions that can be utilized to improve spelling performance among Arabic speakers. The review concludes with instructional recommendations aligned with research on Arabic L1 learners, including systematic and explicit spelling instruction with attention to pronunciation. It also identifies directions for future research based on current gaps outlined in the available literature. This paper is the first study that synthesizes English spelling errors of Arabic speakers using a unified error classification system while explaining the errors in relation to the developmental stages of spelling acquisition and the influence of L1.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1482911
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Literature Review of Errors in Spelling English Consonants and Vowels by Arabic Speakers and Remedial Interventions
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zainab+A%2E+Allaith%22">Zainab A. Allaith</searchLink>
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  Data: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi School of Liberal Arts. 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, Thailand 10140. Tel: +66-2470-8756; Fax: +66-2428-3375; Web site: https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/reflections/index
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Information Analyses<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spelling%22">Spelling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Error+Patterns%22">Error Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22English+%28Second+Language%29%22">English (Second Language)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Learning%22">Second Language Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonemes%22">Phonemes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vowels%22">Vowels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arabic%22">Arabic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interference+%28Language%29%22">Interference (Language)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Written+Language%22">Written Language</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonological+Awareness%22">Phonological Awareness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Morphology+%28Languages%29%22">Morphology (Languages)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semantics%22">Semantics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Proficiency%22">Language Proficiency</searchLink>
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  Data: 1513-5934<br />2651-1479
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  Data: Spelling remains a fundamental skill to acquire because it is foundational for successful literacy attainment, even with the advancement of technological writing tools. Nevertheless, it is an understudied skill in research, especially among language learners. This literature review aims to shed light on the English spelling skills of Arabic L1 speakers. The findings are organized around three domains: (1) common errors in English writing made by Arabic L1 speakers, (2) comparative studies examining the English spelling performance of Arabic L1 learners versus learners from other language backgrounds, and (3) effective English spelling interventions for Arabic L1 learners. Synthesizing findings across these studies reveals spelling errors that can be attributed to cross-linguistic transfer from Arabic to English and errors that pertain to the complexity of the English-language orthography, along with promising interventions that can be utilized to improve spelling performance among Arabic speakers. The review concludes with instructional recommendations aligned with research on Arabic L1 learners, including systematic and explicit spelling instruction with attention to pronunciation. It also identifies directions for future research based on current gaps outlined in the available literature. This paper is the first study that synthesizes English spelling errors of Arabic speakers using a unified error classification system while explaining the errors in relation to the developmental stages of spelling acquisition and the influence of L1.
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  Data: 2025
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 29
        StartPage: 1047
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      – SubjectFull: Spelling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Error Patterns
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: English (Second Language)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Second Language Learning
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      – SubjectFull: Phonemes
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      – SubjectFull: Vowels
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Arabic
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intervention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interference (Language)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Written Language
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phonological Awareness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Morphology (Languages)
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      – SubjectFull: Semantics
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      – SubjectFull: Language Proficiency
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      – TitleFull: Literature Review of Errors in Spelling English Consonants and Vowels by Arabic Speakers and Remedial Interventions
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