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Digital Competencies for Effective GenAI Use in Secondary Schools: A Longitudinal Exploration of Teachers' Perspectives and Classroom Practices

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Title: Digital Competencies for Effective GenAI Use in Secondary Schools: A Longitudinal Exploration of Teachers' Perspectives and Classroom Practices
Language: English
Authors: Liron Levy-Nadav (ORCID 0009-0006-0112-2028), Tamar Shamir-Inbal (ORCID 0000-0002-5237-5897), Ina Blau (ORCID 0000-0001-5695-7221)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning. 2025 41(5).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: Digital Literacy, Competence, Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Secondary Schools, Secondary School Teachers, Teacher Attitudes, Educational Practices, Learning Activities, Teaching Methods, Technology Integration, Critical Thinking, Self Expression
DOI: 10.1111/jcal.70123
ISSN: 0266-4909
1365-2729
Abstract: Background: The rapid rise of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming education. At this stage, there is not yet a well-established and tested theoretical framework clarifying which competencies learners must possess to use GenAI effectively and safely. This study draws on three theoretical frameworks: Eshet-Alkalai's Digital Literacy Framework (2012), Long and Magerko's AI Literacy (2020) and DigComp 2.2. Objectives: The study aims to explore teachers' perspectives regarding the digital competencies that students need for effective GenAI tool use, as well as the classroom learning activities that facilitate the development and practice of these competencies and how they evolve over time. Methods: We conducted 34 semi-structured interviews at an interval of 6-8 months with 17 teachers who had begun utilising a variety of GenAI tools for teaching purposes. This mixed-methods study combines qualitative top-down and bottom-up thematic analysis with quantitative comparisons between the pre and post measurements. Additionally, for data triangulation, a large qualitative sample of 97 GenAI-enhanced learning activities conducted in classrooms was analysed. Results and Conclusions: Findings revealed seven key competencies categorised into general digital literacies, emerging technology literacies and GenAI-specific competencies. Three categories of classroom activities that practiced these competencies emerged: proper use of tools, fostering personal expression and encouraging critical discussion. As expected in the beginning of new technology integration, declines were observed in most competencies in both interviews and learning activities, except for a significant increase in critical-thinking competencies and stable levels of managing-ongoing dialogue. The findings suggest expanding the digital literacy framework by incorporating 'Learning New Technology', which covers general competencies for integrating emerging technologies, and specific GenAI-related competencies. The study offers valuable insights into theory and practice AI-enhanced learning.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1484333
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Digital Competencies for Effective GenAI Use in Secondary Schools: A Longitudinal Exploration of Teachers' Perspectives and Classroom Practices
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liron+Levy-Nadav%22">Liron Levy-Nadav</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0112-2028">0009-0006-0112-2028</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tamar+Shamir-Inbal%22">Tamar Shamir-Inbal</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5237-5897">0000-0002-5237-5897</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ina+Blau%22">Ina Blau</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5695-7221">0000-0001-5695-7221</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Computer+Assisted+Learning%22"><i>Journal of Computer Assisted Learning</i></searchLink>. 2025 41(5).
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: 18
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Secondary+Education%22">Secondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Digital+Literacy%22">Digital Literacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Competence%22">Competence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+Intelligence%22">Artificial Intelligence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+Uses+in+Education%22">Technology Uses in Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+Schools%22">Secondary Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+School+Teachers%22">Secondary School Teachers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Attitudes%22">Teacher Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Practices%22">Educational Practices</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Activities%22">Learning Activities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teaching+Methods%22">Teaching Methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+Integration%22">Technology Integration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Critical+Thinking%22">Critical Thinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Expression%22">Self Expression</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1111/jcal.70123
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 0266-4909<br />1365-2729
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: The rapid rise of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming education. At this stage, there is not yet a well-established and tested theoretical framework clarifying which competencies learners must possess to use GenAI effectively and safely. This study draws on three theoretical frameworks: Eshet-Alkalai's Digital Literacy Framework (2012), Long and Magerko's AI Literacy (2020) and DigComp 2.2. Objectives: The study aims to explore teachers' perspectives regarding the digital competencies that students need for effective GenAI tool use, as well as the classroom learning activities that facilitate the development and practice of these competencies and how they evolve over time. Methods: We conducted 34 semi-structured interviews at an interval of 6-8 months with 17 teachers who had begun utilising a variety of GenAI tools for teaching purposes. This mixed-methods study combines qualitative top-down and bottom-up thematic analysis with quantitative comparisons between the pre and post measurements. Additionally, for data triangulation, a large qualitative sample of 97 GenAI-enhanced learning activities conducted in classrooms was analysed. Results and Conclusions: Findings revealed seven key competencies categorised into general digital literacies, emerging technology literacies and GenAI-specific competencies. Three categories of classroom activities that practiced these competencies emerged: proper use of tools, fostering personal expression and encouraging critical discussion. As expected in the beginning of new technology integration, declines were observed in most competencies in both interviews and learning activities, except for a significant increase in critical-thinking competencies and stable levels of managing-ongoing dialogue. The findings suggest expanding the digital literacy framework by incorporating 'Learning New Technology', which covers general competencies for integrating emerging technologies, and specific GenAI-related competencies. The study offers valuable insights into theory and practice AI-enhanced learning.
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        Value: 10.1111/jcal.70123
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      – SubjectFull: Digital Literacy
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      – SubjectFull: Competence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Artificial Intelligence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Technology Uses in Education
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      – SubjectFull: Secondary Schools
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      – SubjectFull: Secondary School Teachers
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Practices
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      – SubjectFull: Learning Activities
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      – SubjectFull: Critical Thinking
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      – SubjectFull: Self Expression
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      – TitleFull: Digital Competencies for Effective GenAI Use in Secondary Schools: A Longitudinal Exploration of Teachers' Perspectives and Classroom Practices
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