What Can Adults with ADHD Tell Us about Their Experiences? A Review of Qualitative Methods to Map a New Research Agenda
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| Title: | What Can Adults with ADHD Tell Us about Their Experiences? A Review of Qualitative Methods to Map a New Research Agenda |
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| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Emily A. Rosenthal (ORCID |
| Source: | Journal of Attention Disorders. 2025 29(13):1190-1212. |
| Availability: | SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 23 |
| Publication Date: | 2025 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Information Analyses |
| Education Level: | Higher Education Postsecondary Education |
| Descriptors: | Adults, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Qualitative Research, Research Methodology, Research Needs, Substance Abuse, Drug Therapy, Severity (of Disability), Self Concept, Social Bias, Emotional Response, Clinical Diagnosis, College Students, Coping, Academic Accommodations (Disabilities), Females, Minority Groups, Older Adults, Early Experience |
| DOI: | 10.1177/10870547251352589 |
| ISSN: | 1087-0547 1557-1246 |
| Abstract: | Objectives: Although ADHD has its roots in childhood, significant symptoms persist into adulthood for more than half of individuals. Adults with ADHD are heterogeneous in terms of symptom presentations, impairment domains, and relative strengths. Consequently, it is essential to better understand the diverse self-perceptions and experiences of adults with ADHD; qualitative methods are a valuable complement to quantitative work in this area. Our aim is to provide a scoping review of qualitative studies on adults with ADHD to articulate the current status of the field and establish future research directions. Method: We review 41 studies, separating findings into four subpopulations: (1) adults with childhood ADHD, (2) college students with ADHD, (3) adults diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood, and (4) other studies (unspecified age of diagnosis). Results: Qualitative research on all four subgroups identifies recurring themes: substance use, decisions about medication for ADHD, perceived domains of impairment, factors that promote or hinder success, and concerns about identity and stigma. Notably, the relative emphasis of each theme varies as a function of sample type. Specifically, qualitative research among adults with a childhood ADHD diagnosis focuses principally on substance use and treatment desistance, whereas studies of individuals diagnosed with ADHD as adults often examine emotional responses to receiving the diagnosis. For college students with ADHD, themes frequently relate to struggles with the increased independence demanded by post-secondary educational environments and the adoption of accommodations or coping strategies. For future studies of adult ADHD, we highlight key domains for which mixed-methods strategies will be critical: (a) similarities and differences between multiple reporters of functioning, (b) willingness to receive treatment, (c) women, (d) participants from diverse racial and ethnic groups, and (e) middle age and older adults. Conclusion: In all, we highlight the value of qualitative and mixed-methods approaches to ensure that research captures the beliefs, intentions, experiences, emotions, and self-perspectives of people with ADHD. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2025 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1485155 |
| Database: | ERIC |
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