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Developing Turkish-Sign-Language Self-Efficacy Scale for Learners Based on Various Test Theories

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Title: Developing Turkish-Sign-Language Self-Efficacy Scale for Learners Based on Various Test Theories
Language: English
Authors: Pelin Pistav Akmese (ORCID 0000-0001-8269-3899), Asiye Sengül Avsar (ORCID 0000-0001-5522-2514), Nilay Kayhan (ORCID 0000-0002-0937-8013), Necla Isikdogan Ugurlu (ORCID 0000-0002-1795-0470), Aysen Zeynep Oral (ORCID 0000-0001-6378-5464)
Source: International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education. 2025 12(4):995-1015.
Availability: International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education. Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Kinikli Campus, Denizli 20070, Turkey. e-mail: ijate.editor@gmail.com; Web site: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijate
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 21
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Sign Language, Deafness, Hard of Hearing, Self Efficacy, Test Construction, College Students, Test Validity, Test Reliability
Geographic Terms: Turkey
ISSN: 2148-7456
Abstract: Turkish-Sign-Language (TSL) is a natural visuospatial language that the Deaf and hard of hearing use to communicate both with each other and with hearing people. It is important to determine the self-efficacy of individuals learning TSL in order to enhance their effective use of the TSL when their learning process. In this study, we aimed to develop a scale that measures TSL self-efficacy for TSL learners and provide valid and reliable results with different test theories. The study was designed in a quantitative research design, and the participants consisted of 430 university students who were identified through a purposive sampling technique. Automated item selection procedure in the context of Mokken Homogeneity Model-one of the nonparametric item response theory models, and principal axis factoring, convergent and discriminant validity in the context of classical test theory were investigated to present evidence for construct validity. According to the analysis, a measurement tool consisting of 22 items and a three-factor structure was reached. The reliability coefficients of the scores were investigated via Cronbach's Alpha ([alpha]), Guttman's lambda 2 ([lambda), latent class reliability coefficient (LCRC), composite reliability coefficients (CR), and McDonald's omega (?). The reliability values obtained from these coefficients indicated that the scores obtained from the scale were reliable. As a result, the TSL-Self-Efficacy Scale for TSL learners, which provided valid and reliable results, was successfully developed.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1491379
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=EJ1491379
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  Data: Developing Turkish-Sign-Language Self-Efficacy Scale for Learners Based on Various Test Theories
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pelin+Pistav+Akmese%22">Pelin Pistav Akmese</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8269-3899">0000-0001-8269-3899</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Asiye+Sengül+Avsar%22">Asiye Sengül Avsar</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-2514">0000-0001-5522-2514</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nilay+Kayhan%22">Nilay Kayhan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-8013">0000-0002-0937-8013</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Necla+Isikdogan+Ugurlu%22">Necla Isikdogan Ugurlu</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1795-0470">0000-0002-1795-0470</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aysen+Zeynep+Oral%22">Aysen Zeynep Oral</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-5464">0000-0001-6378-5464</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22International+Journal+of+Assessment+Tools+in+Education%22"><i>International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education</i></searchLink>. 2025 12(4):995-1015.
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  Data: International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education. Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Kinikli Campus, Denizli 20070, Turkey. e-mail: ijate.editor@gmail.com; Web site: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijate
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  Data: 21
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Descriptors
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sign+Language%22">Sign Language</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deafness%22">Deafness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hard+of+Hearing%22">Hard of Hearing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Efficacy%22">Self Efficacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Construction%22">Test Construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Students%22">College Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Validity%22">Test Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Reliability%22">Test Reliability</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turkey%22">Turkey</searchLink>
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 2148-7456
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Turkish-Sign-Language (TSL) is a natural visuospatial language that the Deaf and hard of hearing use to communicate both with each other and with hearing people. It is important to determine the self-efficacy of individuals learning TSL in order to enhance their effective use of the TSL when their learning process. In this study, we aimed to develop a scale that measures TSL self-efficacy for TSL learners and provide valid and reliable results with different test theories. The study was designed in a quantitative research design, and the participants consisted of 430 university students who were identified through a purposive sampling technique. Automated item selection procedure in the context of Mokken Homogeneity Model-one of the nonparametric item response theory models, and principal axis factoring, convergent and discriminant validity in the context of classical test theory were investigated to present evidence for construct validity. According to the analysis, a measurement tool consisting of 22 items and a three-factor structure was reached. The reliability coefficients of the scores were investigated via Cronbach's Alpha ([alpha]), Guttman's lambda 2 ([lambda), latent class reliability coefficient (LCRC), composite reliability coefficients (CR), and McDonald's omega (?). The reliability values obtained from these coefficients indicated that the scores obtained from the scale were reliable. As a result, the TSL-Self-Efficacy Scale for TSL learners, which provided valid and reliable results, was successfully developed.
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  Label: Abstractor
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: 2026
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: EJ1491379
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 995
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sign Language
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deafness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hard of Hearing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self Efficacy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Construction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Validity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Reliability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turkey
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Developing Turkish-Sign-Language Self-Efficacy Scale for Learners Based on Various Test Theories
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            NameFull: Pelin Pistav Akmese
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            NameFull: Asiye Sengül Avsar
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            NameFull: Nilay Kayhan
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            NameFull: Necla Isikdogan Ugurlu
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            NameFull: Aysen Zeynep Oral
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              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education
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