View in EDS

The Role of Academic Freedom in Enhancing Research Productivity: Mediating Effects of Human Development Index (HDI) in a Global Context

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: The Role of Academic Freedom in Enhancing Research Productivity: Mediating Effects of Human Development Index (HDI) in a Global Context
Language: English
Authors: Chandra Shekhar Pandey, Shri Ram Pandey (ORCID 0000-0002-1690-6603), Patanjali Mishra (ORCID 0000-0001-8163-3018), Shweta Pandey
Source: International Journal of Comparative Education and Development. 2025 27(2):160-174.
Availability: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 15
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Academic Freedom, Individual Development, Research, Productivity, Well Being, Higher Education, Education, Health, Income, Economic Development, College Faculty, Researchers, Teacher Researchers
DOI: 10.1108/IJCED-09-2024-0091
ISSN: 2396-7404
2309-4907
Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationships between academic freedom and research productivity, focusing on the mediating role of the Human Development Index (HDI). Specifically, it investigates how academic freedom influences human development and research productivity. The underlying theoretical framework is derived from Amartya Sen's (1999) "development as freedom" concept, which posits that freedom, in various forms, is both the primary end and the principal means of development. Design/methodology/approach: The study utilizes the Academic Freedom Index for the year 2022 from the V-Dem Dataset Version 14 (V-Dem 2024) as a measure of academic freedom, the HDI for 2022 as a measure of human development (UNDP, 2021) and the Scimago Country H-Index as a measure of research productivity. A sample of 150 countries was selected based on HDI, H-Index and academic freedom data availability. A mediation analysis was conducted within a generalized linear model (GLM) framework to empirically test the hypotheses. Findings: The finding reveals that academic freedom does not directly affect research productivity (estimate = 11.461 and p = 0.911). However, it indirectly influences the H-Index through the mediation of HDI (indirect effect = 228.741, p = 0.002). One of the significant findings is that academic freedom positively and significantly impacts human development (estimate = 0.141 and p < 0.001). The total effect of academic freedom on the H-Index is significant (total effect = 240.202 and p = 0.046). The model shows that academic freedom and human development explain 34.3% of the variance in the H-Index or research productivity. Originality/value: This study provides empirical evidence supporting Amartya Sen's concept of "development as freedom" in the context of educational and public policy. It offers insights into academic freedom's pivotal role in promoting global human development and knowledge production.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1491590
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: eric
DbLabel: ERIC
An: EJ1491590
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: The Role of Academic Freedom in Enhancing Research Productivity: Mediating Effects of Human Development Index (HDI) in a Global Context
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Chandra+Shekhar+Pandey%22&quot;&gt;Chandra Shekhar Pandey&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Shri+Ram+Pandey%22&quot;&gt;Shri Ram Pandey&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-6603&quot;&gt;0000-0002-1690-6603&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Patanjali+Mishra%22&quot;&gt;Patanjali Mishra&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-3018&quot;&gt;0000-0001-8163-3018&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Shweta+Pandey%22&quot;&gt;Shweta Pandey&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;SO&quot; term=&quot;%22International+Journal+of+Comparative+Education+and+Development%22&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;International Journal of Comparative Education and Development&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/searchLink&gt;. 2025 27(2):160-174.
– Name: Avail
  Label: Availability
  Group: Avail
  Data: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
– Name: PeerReviewed
  Label: Peer Reviewed
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: Y
– Name: Pages
  Label: Page Count
  Group: Src
  Data: 15
– Name: DatePubCY
  Label: Publication Date
  Group: Date
  Data: 2025
– Name: TypeDocument
  Label: Document Type
  Group: TypDoc
  Data: Journal Articles&lt;br /&gt;Reports - Research
– Name: Audience
  Label: Education Level
  Group: Audnce
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;EL&quot; term=&quot;%22Higher+Education%22&quot;&gt;Higher Education&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;EL&quot; term=&quot;%22Postsecondary+Education%22&quot;&gt;Postsecondary Education&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Subject
  Label: Descriptors
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Academic+Freedom%22&quot;&gt;Academic Freedom&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Individual+Development%22&quot;&gt;Individual Development&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Research%22&quot;&gt;Research&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Productivity%22&quot;&gt;Productivity&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Well+Being%22&quot;&gt;Well Being&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Higher+Education%22&quot;&gt;Higher Education&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Education%22&quot;&gt;Education&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Health%22&quot;&gt;Health&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Income%22&quot;&gt;Income&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Economic+Development%22&quot;&gt;Economic Development&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22College+Faculty%22&quot;&gt;College Faculty&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Researchers%22&quot;&gt;Researchers&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Teacher+Researchers%22&quot;&gt;Teacher Researchers&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1108/IJCED-09-2024-0091
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 2396-7404&lt;br /&gt;2309-4907
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationships between academic freedom and research productivity, focusing on the mediating role of the Human Development Index (HDI). Specifically, it investigates how academic freedom influences human development and research productivity. The underlying theoretical framework is derived from Amartya Sen&#39;s (1999) &quot;development as freedom&quot; concept, which posits that freedom, in various forms, is both the primary end and the principal means of development. Design/methodology/approach: The study utilizes the Academic Freedom Index for the year 2022 from the V-Dem Dataset Version 14 (V-Dem 2024) as a measure of academic freedom, the HDI for 2022 as a measure of human development (UNDP, 2021) and the Scimago Country H-Index as a measure of research productivity. A sample of 150 countries was selected based on HDI, H-Index and academic freedom data availability. A mediation analysis was conducted within a generalized linear model (GLM) framework to empirically test the hypotheses. Findings: The finding reveals that academic freedom does not directly affect research productivity (estimate = 11.461 and p = 0.911). However, it indirectly influences the H-Index through the mediation of HDI (indirect effect = 228.741, p = 0.002). One of the significant findings is that academic freedom positively and significantly impacts human development (estimate = 0.141 and p &lt; 0.001). The total effect of academic freedom on the H-Index is significant (total effect = 240.202 and p = 0.046). The model shows that academic freedom and human development explain 34.3% of the variance in the H-Index or research productivity. Originality/value: This study provides empirical evidence supporting Amartya Sen&#39;s concept of &quot;development as freedom&quot; in the context of educational and public policy. It offers insights into academic freedom&#39;s pivotal role in promoting global human development and knowledge production.
– Name: AbstractInfo
  Label: Abstractor
  Group: Ab
  Data: As Provided
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date
  Group: Date
  Data: 2026
– Name: AN
  Label: Accession Number
  Group: ID
  Data: EJ1491590
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1491590
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1108/IJCED-09-2024-0091
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 160
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Academic Freedom
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Individual Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Productivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Well Being
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Higher Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Income
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Economic Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College Faculty
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Researchers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Researchers
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The Role of Academic Freedom in Enhancing Research Productivity: Mediating Effects of Human Development Index (HDI) in a Global Context
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chandra Shekhar Pandey
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Shri Ram Pandey
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Patanjali Mishra
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Shweta Pandey
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 2396-7404
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 2309-4907
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 27
            – Type: issue
              Value: 2
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: International Journal of Comparative Education and Development
              Type: main
ResultId 1