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AI in Shadow Education: An Experimental Study in Hong Kong Tutorial Centers

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Title: AI in Shadow Education: An Experimental Study in Hong Kong Tutorial Centers
Language: English
Authors: Ching Ho Richard Cheng (ORCID 0000-0003-1580-8136)
Source: International Journal of Research in Education and Science. 2026 12(1):243-254.
Availability: International Society for Technology, Education, and Science. e-mail: ijresoffice@gmail.com; Web site: https://www.ijres.net/index.php/ijres
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 12
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Uses in Education, Private Education, Tutoring, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Student Attitudes, Tutors, Teacher Attitudes, Administrator Attitudes, Secondary School Students
Geographic Terms: Hong Kong
ISSN: 2148-9955
Abstract: Shadow education is highly prevalent in Hong Kong, driven by parents' and students' desire to succeed in public examinations. However, the quality of these supplementary lessons, which exist in various forms, has often been questioned by educators, parents, and students alike. The methods for enhancing the quality of shadow education have become a widely discussed topic among scholars and educators. This study involved 10 local tutorial centers that integrated Artificial Intelligence (AI) into their English lessons. Additionally, 24 participants, including center owners, tutorial center tutors, and students, were invited to share their perspectives on AI in shadow education through interviews. The results indicated that AI could offer students a 'second opinion,' but its responses often lacked clarity. As this is an experimental study, further research is needed on this topic, particularly regarding practical methods for integrating AI into shadow education settings.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1494347
Database: ERIC
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  Data: AI in Shadow Education: An Experimental Study in Hong Kong Tutorial Centers
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22International+Journal+of+Research+in+Education+and+Science%22"><i>International Journal of Research in Education and Science</i></searchLink>. 2026 12(1):243-254.
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  Data: International Society for Technology, Education, and Science. e-mail: ijresoffice@gmail.com; Web site: https://www.ijres.net/index.php/ijres
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  Data: Shadow education is highly prevalent in Hong Kong, driven by parents' and students' desire to succeed in public examinations. However, the quality of these supplementary lessons, which exist in various forms, has often been questioned by educators, parents, and students alike. The methods for enhancing the quality of shadow education have become a widely discussed topic among scholars and educators. This study involved 10 local tutorial centers that integrated Artificial Intelligence (AI) into their English lessons. Additionally, 24 participants, including center owners, tutorial center tutors, and students, were invited to share their perspectives on AI in shadow education through interviews. The results indicated that AI could offer students a 'second opinion,' but its responses often lacked clarity. As this is an experimental study, further research is needed on this topic, particularly regarding practical methods for integrating AI into shadow education settings.
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 243
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Artificial Intelligence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer Uses in Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Private Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tutoring
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: English (Second Language)
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      – SubjectFull: Second Language Instruction
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      – SubjectFull: Student Attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Tutors
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Secondary School Students
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      – SubjectFull: Hong Kong
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      – TitleFull: AI in Shadow Education: An Experimental Study in Hong Kong Tutorial Centers
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