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Self-Supervised App-Based Speech Training for Children with Speech Sound Disorder--A Single-Case Experimental Design Study

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Title: Self-Supervised App-Based Speech Training for Children with Speech Sound Disorder--A Single-Case Experimental Design Study
Language: English
Authors: Sofia Strömbergsson (ORCID 0000-0003-4745-3456), Ella Edlund, Magdalena Pettersson, Nhan Phan (ORCID 0000-0003-2040-9834), Mikko Kurimo (ORCID 0000-0001-5278-7974)
Source: International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders. 2026 61(1).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 16
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Computer Oriented Programs, Speech Therapy, Speech Impairments, Young Children, Foreign Countries, Error Patterns, Intervention, Computer Uses in Education, Training, Educational Games, Outcomes of Treatment, Instructional Design, Phonology
Geographic Terms: Sweden
DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.70163
ISSN: 1368-2822
1460-6984
Abstract: Background: For children with speech sound disorder (SSD), speech intervention often involves a considerable amount of home-training, to achieve high-enough training frequency to promote speech change. A digital speech-training app has been developed that could serve as a cost-effective means of providing accessible intervention to children with SSD. Aims: To evaluate whether self-supervised home-training with the app Pop2TalkNordic can expedite more target-like speech for children with SSD and to explore children's experiences of using the app. Methods and Procedures: Four 4-6-year-old Swedish children with SSD participated in a single-case experimental design study, with a multiple-baseline across-subjects design. The children's production of target error patterns was monitored during baseline and intervention phases, for trained and untrained stimulus words. Three weeks of self-supervised training with the app, with an aspired frequency of 5 days a week, in 15-min training sessions, served as the intervention. The children's app usage was tracked, and their production of target word stimuli was recorded via the app. Outcomes and Results: None of the children reached more target-like production of targeted consonants as a result of the intervention. For two participants, slight improvement was observed on trained, but not untrained, word stimuli. In terms of user experiences, the children varied from liking the game a lot and finding it easy, to not liking the game much at all and finding it difficult. Conclusions and Implications: In its current form, and when delivered as a self-supervised training-activity over three weeks, training with Pop2TalkNordic is not sufficient to expedite more target-like speech in children with SSD. More parental engagement in the children's training with the app, and changes in game design (e.g., highlighting phonological contrast and allowing playback of multiple exemplars of target word items), are suggested routes to achieve better outcomes.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://osf.io/xw8rd
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1495117
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Self-Supervised App-Based Speech Training for Children with Speech Sound Disorder--A Single-Case Experimental Design Study
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sofia+Strömbergsson%22">Sofia Strömbergsson</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-3456">0000-0003-4745-3456</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ella+Edlund%22">Ella Edlund</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Magdalena+Pettersson%22">Magdalena Pettersson</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nhan+Phan%22">Nhan Phan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2040-9834">0000-0003-2040-9834</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mikko+Kurimo%22">Mikko Kurimo</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5278-7974">0000-0001-5278-7974</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22International+Journal+of+Language+%26+Communication+Disorders%22"><i>International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders</i></searchLink>. 2026 61(1).
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 16
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+Oriented+Programs%22">Computer Oriented Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Therapy%22">Speech Therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Impairments%22">Speech Impairments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+Children%22">Young Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Error+Patterns%22">Error Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+Uses+in+Education%22">Computer Uses in Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Training%22">Training</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Games%22">Educational Games</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Outcomes+of+Treatment%22">Outcomes of Treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Instructional+Design%22">Instructional Design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonology%22">Phonology</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sweden%22">Sweden</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1111/1460-6984.70163
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 1368-2822<br />1460-6984
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: For children with speech sound disorder (SSD), speech intervention often involves a considerable amount of home-training, to achieve high-enough training frequency to promote speech change. A digital speech-training app has been developed that could serve as a cost-effective means of providing accessible intervention to children with SSD. Aims: To evaluate whether self-supervised home-training with the app Pop2TalkNordic can expedite more target-like speech for children with SSD and to explore children's experiences of using the app. Methods and Procedures: Four 4-6-year-old Swedish children with SSD participated in a single-case experimental design study, with a multiple-baseline across-subjects design. The children's production of target error patterns was monitored during baseline and intervention phases, for trained and untrained stimulus words. Three weeks of self-supervised training with the app, with an aspired frequency of 5 days a week, in 15-min training sessions, served as the intervention. The children's app usage was tracked, and their production of target word stimuli was recorded via the app. Outcomes and Results: None of the children reached more target-like production of targeted consonants as a result of the intervention. For two participants, slight improvement was observed on trained, but not untrained, word stimuli. In terms of user experiences, the children varied from liking the game a lot and finding it easy, to not liking the game much at all and finding it difficult. Conclusions and Implications: In its current form, and when delivered as a self-supervised training-activity over three weeks, training with Pop2TalkNordic is not sufficient to expedite more target-like speech in children with SSD. More parental engagement in the children's training with the app, and changes in game design (e.g., highlighting phonological contrast and allowing playback of multiple exemplars of target word items), are suggested routes to achieve better outcomes.
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  Label: Abstractor
  Group: Ab
  Data: As Provided
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  Data: https://osf.io/xw8rd
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1495117
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        Value: 10.1111/1460-6984.70163
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Computer Oriented Programs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech Therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech Impairments
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      – SubjectFull: Young Children
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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      – SubjectFull: Training
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Games
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      – SubjectFull: Outcomes of Treatment
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      – SubjectFull: Phonology
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      – SubjectFull: Sweden
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      – TitleFull: Self-Supervised App-Based Speech Training for Children with Speech Sound Disorder--A Single-Case Experimental Design Study
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