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The Effect of a Mindfulness Training and Yoga Intervention on Unit Cohesion in the Military

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Title: The Effect of a Mindfulness Training and Yoga Intervention on Unit Cohesion in the Military
Language: English
Authors: Ian A. Gutierrez (ORCID 0000-0002-4880-7570), Paul D. Bliese, Thomas H. Nassif (ORCID 0000-0002-2263-013X), Carl D. Smith, Amishi P. Jha (ORCID 0000-0002-0257-2876), Amy B. Adler (ORCID 0000-0002-0886-5530)
Source: Health Education & Behavior. 2026 53(1):103-109.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 7
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: US Army, Training and Doctrine Command
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Metacognition, Training, Intervention, Military Personnel, Program Effectiveness, Attitudes, Group Dynamics, Physical Health, Mental Health
DOI: 10.1177/10901981251358709
ISSN: 1090-1981
1552-6127
Abstract: Social cohesion is critical for personnel working on teams in high-stress occupational settings like the military. Building on recent findings, we examined the potential impact of a combined mindfulness training and yoga intervention on cohesion among soldiers in Basic Combat Training. In a group randomized trial, 40 military units (n = 1,896) were randomly assigned to receive this intervention or training as usual. Surveys were administered at 4 times over 10 weeks. Mixed effects models were used to assess the impact of the intervention on cohesion across four time periods. In addition, the role of embedded individual mindfulness practice was analyzed. Results found that while there was no main effect of the intervention, soldiers who reported engaging in embedded mindfulness practice at least 3 times per week had higher sustained perceptions of cohesion compared to training as usual. Findings suggest mindfulness training and yoga may support unit cohesion in military units.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1495268
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: The Effect of a Mindfulness Training and Yoga Intervention on Unit Cohesion in the Military
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ian+A%2E+Gutierrez%22">Ian A. Gutierrez</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4880-7570">0000-0002-4880-7570</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Paul+D%2E+Bliese%22">Paul D. Bliese</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas+H%2E+Nassif%22">Thomas H. Nassif</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-013X">0000-0002-2263-013X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carl+D%2E+Smith%22">Carl D. Smith</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amishi+P%2E+Jha%22">Amishi P. Jha</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0257-2876">0000-0002-0257-2876</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amy+B%2E+Adler%22">Amy B. Adler</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-5530">0000-0002-0886-5530</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education+%26+Behavior%22"><i>Health Education & Behavior</i></searchLink>. 2026 53(1):103-109.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: US Army, Training and Doctrine Command
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+Activities%22">Physical Activities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metacognition%22">Metacognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Training%22">Training</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Military+Personnel%22">Military Personnel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Program+Effectiveness%22">Program Effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attitudes%22">Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Group+Dynamics%22">Group Dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+Health%22">Physical Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+Health%22">Mental Health</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/10901981251358709
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  Data: 1090-1981<br />1552-6127
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  Data: Social cohesion is critical for personnel working on teams in high-stress occupational settings like the military. Building on recent findings, we examined the potential impact of a combined mindfulness training and yoga intervention on cohesion among soldiers in Basic Combat Training. In a group randomized trial, 40 military units (n = 1,896) were randomly assigned to receive this intervention or training as usual. Surveys were administered at 4 times over 10 weeks. Mixed effects models were used to assess the impact of the intervention on cohesion across four time periods. In addition, the role of embedded individual mindfulness practice was analyzed. Results found that while there was no main effect of the intervention, soldiers who reported engaging in embedded mindfulness practice at least 3 times per week had higher sustained perceptions of cohesion compared to training as usual. Findings suggest mindfulness training and yoga may support unit cohesion in military units.
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