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School Feeding Program and Health Outcomes among School-Aged Children: Evidence from Rural China

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Title: School Feeding Program and Health Outcomes among School-Aged Children: Evidence from Rural China
Language: English
Authors: Lei Wang, Siqi Zhang (ORCID 0000-0003-4479-8758), Xiaowei Hao (ORCID 0000-0003-4742-9093), Andrew Peng, Andrew Rule, Huan Wang, Scott Rozelle
Source: Journal of School Health. 2026 96(3).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 10
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Rural Areas, Nutrition, Child Health, Lunch Programs, Food, Eating Habits, Health Promotion
Geographic Terms: China
DOI: 10.1111/josh.70118
ISSN: 0022-4391
1746-1561
Abstract: Background: High rates of iron-deficiency anemia among school-age children have been a common issue in developing countries. In 2012, China rolled out a school feeding program (SFP) to address this issue. This study assesses changes in anemia rates, as well as potential factors driving these changes, both 3 and 10 years after the SFP was implemented. Methods: Data were from two cross-sectional surveys (n = 1510) in northwestern China. T-tests were used to compare the differences in health outcomes of students and their dietary diversity across the different sample years. Regressions were used to examine the associations between health outcomes and dietary diversity. Results: After the SFP was launched, hemoglobin levels of students improved from 126 to 131 g/L between 2015 and 2022/2023; the rates of anemia and stunting decreased from 17% to 6% and 9% to 1%, respectively. A rise in student dietary diversity and an increase in the share of students that consumed iron-rich foods are two main contributing factors. Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity: Increase in funding allotted to the SFP over time appears to be a key element in improving the health and nutrition of rural students. Conclusions: SFP in rural China exemplifies the concrete advantages in improving the health and potential educational outcomes of students.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1498369
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: School Feeding Program and Health Outcomes among School-Aged Children: Evidence from Rural China
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lei+Wang%22">Lei Wang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Siqi+Zhang%22">Siqi Zhang</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4479-8758">0000-0003-4479-8758</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiaowei+Hao%22">Xiaowei Hao</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4742-9093">0000-0003-4742-9093</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andrew+Peng%22">Andrew Peng</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andrew+Rule%22">Andrew Rule</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huan+Wang%22">Huan Wang</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scott+Rozelle%22">Scott Rozelle</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+School+Health%22"><i>Journal of School Health</i></searchLink>. 2026 96(3).
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 10
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural+Areas%22">Rural Areas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nutrition%22">Nutrition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Health%22">Child Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lunch+Programs%22">Lunch Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food%22">Food</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eating+Habits%22">Eating Habits</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+Promotion%22">Health Promotion</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1111/josh.70118
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  Data: 0022-4391<br />1746-1561
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: High rates of iron-deficiency anemia among school-age children have been a common issue in developing countries. In 2012, China rolled out a school feeding program (SFP) to address this issue. This study assesses changes in anemia rates, as well as potential factors driving these changes, both 3 and 10 years after the SFP was implemented. Methods: Data were from two cross-sectional surveys (n = 1510) in northwestern China. T-tests were used to compare the differences in health outcomes of students and their dietary diversity across the different sample years. Regressions were used to examine the associations between health outcomes and dietary diversity. Results: After the SFP was launched, hemoglobin levels of students improved from 126 to 131 g/L between 2015 and 2022/2023; the rates of anemia and stunting decreased from 17% to 6% and 9% to 1%, respectively. A rise in student dietary diversity and an increase in the share of students that consumed iron-rich foods are two main contributing factors. Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity: Increase in funding allotted to the SFP over time appears to be a key element in improving the health and nutrition of rural students. Conclusions: SFP in rural China exemplifies the concrete advantages in improving the health and potential educational outcomes of students.
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  Data: 2026
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        Value: 10.1111/josh.70118
    Languages:
      – Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rural Areas
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      – SubjectFull: Nutrition
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      – SubjectFull: Child Health
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      – SubjectFull: Lunch Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Food
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      – SubjectFull: Eating Habits
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      – SubjectFull: Health Promotion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
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