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Target Configuration Determines How and What We Learn during Sensorimotor Adaptation

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Title: Target Configuration Determines How and What We Learn during Sensorimotor Adaptation
Language: English
Authors: Pamela Villavicencio, Jonathan S. Tsay, Cristina de la Malla
Source: npj Science of Learning. 2025 10.
Availability: Nature Portfolio. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://www.nature.com/npjscilearn/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 10
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Perceptual Motor Learning, Perceptual Motor Coordination, Adjustment (to Environment), Learning Processes
DOI: 10.1038/s41539-025-00379-2
ISSN: 2056-7936
Abstract: Motor adaptation is essential for keeping our actions well-calibrated. However, the role of training context--specifically, the configuration of targets--in shaping motor adaptation remains poorly understood. We tested this by exposing participants to a visuomotor gain perturbation under two contexts: The Extent Group, which trained with targets at two amplitudes in a fixed angular direction, and the Angular Group, which trained with targets at equal amplitude in two angular directions. Strikingly, the groups differed in how they learned: the Angular Group relied predominantly on implicit adaptation, whereas the Extent Group relied more on explicit strategies. Additionally, the two groups differed in "what" they learned: the Angular Group acquired a translation rule, whereas the Extent Group captured the true gain rule. These findings underscore that training context determines both the processes engaged and the representations formed, underscoring its importance in shaping both how and what we learn.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://osf.io/3zuk9
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1500039
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Nature Portfolio. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://www.nature.com/npjscilearn/
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  Data: Motor adaptation is essential for keeping our actions well-calibrated. However, the role of training context--specifically, the configuration of targets--in shaping motor adaptation remains poorly understood. We tested this by exposing participants to a visuomotor gain perturbation under two contexts: The Extent Group, which trained with targets at two amplitudes in a fixed angular direction, and the Angular Group, which trained with targets at equal amplitude in two angular directions. Strikingly, the groups differed in how they learned: the Angular Group relied predominantly on implicit adaptation, whereas the Extent Group relied more on explicit strategies. Additionally, the two groups differed in "what" they learned: the Angular Group acquired a translation rule, whereas the Extent Group captured the true gain rule. These findings underscore that training context determines both the processes engaged and the representations formed, underscoring its importance in shaping both how and what we learn.
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  Data: https://osf.io/3zuk9
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  Data: 2026
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