Beyond Connection: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Social Connectedness Scale for Indonesian University Students
Saved in:
| Title: | Beyond Connection: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Social Connectedness Scale for Indonesian University Students |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Faizah (ORCID |
| Source: | Educational Process: International Journal. Article e2026020 2026 21. |
| Availability: | UNIVERSITEPARK Limited. iTOWER Plaza (No61, 9th floor) Merkez Mh Akar Cd No3, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey 34382. e-mail: editor@edupij.com; Web site: http://www.edupij.com/ |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 21 |
| Publication Date: | 2026 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Education Level: | Higher Education Postsecondary Education |
| Descriptors: | Foreign Countries, Media Adaptation, Undergraduate Students, Higher Education, Interpersonal Relationship, Content Validity, Collectivism, Cultural Influences, Measures (Individuals), Evaluation Methods |
| Geographic Terms: | Indonesia |
| ISSN: | 2147-0901 2564-8020 |
| Abstract: | Background/purpose: Indonesian undergraduates face heightened risks of loneliness, academic stress, and digital-era isolation, yet no student-focused Indonesian adaptation of the Social Connectedness Scale (SCS/SCS R) exists; this study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate SCS and SCS R for Indonesian university students. Materials/methods: Using a cross sectional design, the instruments underwent forward-back translation, expert review with Content Validity Index (CVI), cognitive interviews (n=10), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) on screened survey data from Indonesian undergraduates(n=349); reliability was assessed with Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω, and multiple fit indices (CFI, TLI, RMSEA, SRMR, GFI) guided model evaluation. Results: Content validity was excellent (I CVI=1; S CVI=1), and cognitive interviews supported response process clarity with minor wording refinements; demographics showed no meaningful effects. The 8-item SCS achieved a stronger fit (CFI=0.956, TLI=0.939, SRMR=0.035, GFI=0.995; loadings ≥0.419), while the 20-item SCS R showed marginal fit (CFI=0.866, TLI=0.850) but higher reliability (α=0.879; ω=0.904) than SCS (α=0.823; ω=0.824); both models had RMSEA=0.069. Conclusion: Both SCS and SCS R are valid and reliable for Indonesian undergraduates; SCS offers parsimony and superior model fit, whereas SCS R provides stronger internal consistency, enabling selection by study purpose (screening vs. comprehensive profiling). Future work should test longitudinal/predictive validity, as well as measurement invariance across subgroups and over time, to strengthen generalizability and policy utility in collectivist higher education contexts. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2026 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1500429 |
| Database: | ERIC |
| Abstract: | Background/purpose: Indonesian undergraduates face heightened risks of loneliness, academic stress, and digital-era isolation, yet no student-focused Indonesian adaptation of the Social Connectedness Scale (SCS/SCS R) exists; this study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate SCS and SCS R for Indonesian university students. Materials/methods: Using a cross sectional design, the instruments underwent forward-back translation, expert review with Content Validity Index (CVI), cognitive interviews (n=10), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) on screened survey data from Indonesian undergraduates(n=349); reliability was assessed with Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω, and multiple fit indices (CFI, TLI, RMSEA, SRMR, GFI) guided model evaluation. Results: Content validity was excellent (I CVI=1; S CVI=1), and cognitive interviews supported response process clarity with minor wording refinements; demographics showed no meaningful effects. The 8-item SCS achieved a stronger fit (CFI=0.956, TLI=0.939, SRMR=0.035, GFI=0.995; loadings ≥0.419), while the 20-item SCS R showed marginal fit (CFI=0.866, TLI=0.850) but higher reliability (α=0.879; ω=0.904) than SCS (α=0.823; ω=0.824); both models had RMSEA=0.069. Conclusion: Both SCS and SCS R are valid and reliable for Indonesian undergraduates; SCS offers parsimony and superior model fit, whereas SCS R provides stronger internal consistency, enabling selection by study purpose (screening vs. comprehensive profiling). Future work should test longitudinal/predictive validity, as well as measurement invariance across subgroups and over time, to strengthen generalizability and policy utility in collectivist higher education contexts. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2147-0901 2564-8020 |
