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Adult Advisor Efficacy to Support LGBTQ+ Youth as a Predictor of LGBTQ+ Youth's Experiences in Gender-Sexuality Alliances (GSAS) and at School

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Title: Adult Advisor Efficacy to Support LGBTQ+ Youth as a Predictor of LGBTQ+ Youth's Experiences in Gender-Sexuality Alliances (GSAS) and at School
Language: English
Authors: V. Paul Poteat (ORCID 0000-0002-0289-9289), Arthur Lipkin, Cayley C. Bliss, Jonquil Rumberger, Zhengyang Zhong, Robert A. Marx
Source: Journal of Adolescence. 2026 98(3):965-977.
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 13
Publication Date: 2026
Sponsoring Agency: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
Contract Number: R305A190165
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Secondary Education
Descriptors: LGBTQ People, Self Efficacy, Clubs, Social Support Groups, Faculty Advisers, Student Needs, Safety, Inclusion, Social Bias, Educational Environment, Sense of Belonging, Secondary Schools
Geographic Terms: Massachusetts, California, New York (New York)
DOI: 10.1002/jad.70111
ISSN: 0140-1971
1095-9254
Abstract: Introduction: Many LGBTQ+ youth seek support from adults at school, which can include advisors of Gender-Sexuality Alliances (GSAs; clubs affirming LGBTQ+ youth). Little research has considered how efficacious advisors feel to support LGBTQ+ GSA members, or how advisors' efficacy contributes to LGBTQ+ youth's school experiences. Methods: We examined advisors' self-efficacy to support and advocate for LGBTQ+ youth (n = 30 advisors in 30 schools/GSAs; M[subscript age] = 44.74 years, SD = 10.55; 63% LGBQ+ ; 90% cisgender; 77% White). Utilizing three waves of data from 310 LGBTQ+ youth in these GSAs (M[subscript age] = 15.11 years, SD = 1.60; 98% LGBQ+ ; 55% trans/nonbinary; 50% youth of color), we analyzed three-level multilevel models to test whether LGBTQ+ youth in GSAs whose advisors reported greater LGBTQ+ self-efficacy reported more positive experiences within their GSA and in school over 6 months. Results: Advisors felt competent supporting LGBTQ+ youth, though responses on individual items covered the full range. LGBTQ+ youth in GSAs whose advisors reported greater LGBTQ+ self-efficacy at the beginning of the study felt that their advisors were more responsive to their needs, perceived a more open and respectful climate in their GSA, and felt greater school belonging over the study period. Advisor LGBTQ+ self-efficacy did not predict youth′s reported levels of victimization over the study period. Conclusions: Findings highlight that efficacious GSA advisors could promote safe and inclusive GSAs and schools for LGBTQ+ youth at a time when LGBTQ+ youth face heightened structural oppression, while indicating the need for professional development to enhance advisor efficacy.
Abstractor: As Provided
IES Funded: Yes
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1501576
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Adult Advisor Efficacy to Support LGBTQ+ Youth as a Predictor of LGBTQ+ Youth's Experiences in Gender-Sexuality Alliances (GSAS) and at School
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22V%2E+Paul+Poteat%22">V. Paul Poteat</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-9289">0000-0002-0289-9289</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arthur+Lipkin%22">Arthur Lipkin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cayley+C%2E+Bliss%22">Cayley C. Bliss</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jonquil+Rumberger%22">Jonquil Rumberger</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhengyang+Zhong%22">Zhengyang Zhong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robert+A%2E+Marx%22">Robert A. Marx</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Adolescence%22"><i>Journal of Adolescence</i></searchLink>. 2026 98(3):965-977.
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: 13
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22LGBTQ+People%22">LGBTQ People</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Efficacy%22">Self Efficacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clubs%22">Clubs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Support+Groups%22">Social Support Groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Faculty+Advisers%22">Faculty Advisers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Needs%22">Student Needs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Safety%22">Safety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inclusion%22">Inclusion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Bias%22">Social Bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Environment%22">Educational Environment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sense+of+Belonging%22">Sense of Belonging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Secondary+Schools%22">Secondary Schools</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Massachusetts%22">Massachusetts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22California%22">California</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22New+York+%28New+York%29%22">New York (New York)</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
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  Data: 10.1002/jad.70111
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 0140-1971<br />1095-9254
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: Many LGBTQ+ youth seek support from adults at school, which can include advisors of Gender-Sexuality Alliances (GSAs; clubs affirming LGBTQ+ youth). Little research has considered how efficacious advisors feel to support LGBTQ+ GSA members, or how advisors' efficacy contributes to LGBTQ+ youth's school experiences. Methods: We examined advisors' self-efficacy to support and advocate for LGBTQ+ youth (n = 30 advisors in 30 schools/GSAs; M[subscript age] = 44.74 years, SD = 10.55; 63% LGBQ+ ; 90% cisgender; 77% White). Utilizing three waves of data from 310 LGBTQ+ youth in these GSAs (M[subscript age] = 15.11 years, SD = 1.60; 98% LGBQ+ ; 55% trans/nonbinary; 50% youth of color), we analyzed three-level multilevel models to test whether LGBTQ+ youth in GSAs whose advisors reported greater LGBTQ+ self-efficacy reported more positive experiences within their GSA and in school over 6 months. Results: Advisors felt competent supporting LGBTQ+ youth, though responses on individual items covered the full range. LGBTQ+ youth in GSAs whose advisors reported greater LGBTQ+ self-efficacy at the beginning of the study felt that their advisors were more responsive to their needs, perceived a more open and respectful climate in their GSA, and felt greater school belonging over the study period. Advisor LGBTQ+ self-efficacy did not predict youth′s reported levels of victimization over the study period. Conclusions: Findings highlight that efficacious GSA advisors could promote safe and inclusive GSAs and schools for LGBTQ+ youth at a time when LGBTQ+ youth face heightened structural oppression, while indicating the need for professional development to enhance advisor efficacy.
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        Value: 10.1002/jad.70111
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      – Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: LGBTQ People
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      – SubjectFull: Self Efficacy
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      – SubjectFull: Clubs
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      – SubjectFull: Social Support Groups
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Environment
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