Performer versus Caring Professional: Identity Conflicts of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Performative Culture in Mainland China

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Performer versus Caring Professional: Identity Conflicts of Preschool Teachers in the Context of Performative Culture in Mainland China
Language: English
Authors: Ting Liu (ORCID 0009-0005-3194-499X), Jocelyn L. N. Wong (ORCID 0000-0002-2408-2616)
Source: Educational Review. 2026 78(3):315-332.
Availability: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Preschool Education
Descriptors: Preschool Teachers, Professional Identity, Performance, Conflict, Foreign Countries, School Culture, Classroom Environment, Inquiry, Active Learning, Faculty Development, Caring, Context Effect
Geographic Terms: China
DOI: 10.1080/00131911.2025.2486755
ISSN: 0013-1911
1465-3397
Abstract: Previous research has shown that primary and secondary teachers can experience identity conflicts in the context of performative school culture. However, this is an issue that has not been well explored in early childhood education, where preschool teachers also increasingly face pressures to meet performative demands under neoliberal educational reforms. These trends are evident in various national contexts, with mainland China being no exception. Using identity conflict theory as the theoretical lens, this qualitative study investigated identity conflicts experienced by preschool teachers in two government-funded preschools in mainland China. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 10 preschool teachers and 5 school administrators, complemented by document analysis, the study found that preschool teachers experienced conflicts between their identity as performers and as caring professionals. These identity conflicts can be further categorised into two types: (1) inter-unit conflicts between performative demands imposed by the preschool and teachers' professional values, and (2) intra-unit conflicts between the need for survival and a commitment to children's development. The hierarchical management structure and the pervasive performative culture in preschools are key factors that exacerbated teacher identity conflicts. The findings provide implications for policymakers and preschool administrators to support preschool teachers in addressing identity conflicts arising from performativity.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1503435
Database: ERIC
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