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Gender Representation in Scouting Handbooks

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Title: Gender Representation in Scouting Handbooks
Language: English
Authors: Corrine M. Wickens (ORCID 0000-0002-9750-4250), Carol S. Walther (ORCID 0000-0001-5433-7950), Donna E. Werderich (ORCID 0000-0002-8127-1763)
Source: Gender and Education. 2026 38(2):146-163.
Availability: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Guides, Adolescents, Sex Stereotypes, Gender Bias, Youth Programs, Pictorial Stimuli, Photography
DOI: 10.1080/09540253.2025.2544529
ISSN: 0954-0253
1360-0516
Abstract: Youth organizations have long provided nonformal, yet significant educational experiences that are communicated through their handbooks. The handbooks also serve to convey ongoing messages around gender norms and discourses. In this article, we explore the representation in Scouting America (formerly Boy Scouts of America) handbooks for youth ages 11-17. We analyse the main photos within the 16 different sections for content representation, compositional design, gender discourses and intersectional representation. Despite perceived parallelisms in the respective handbooks, we note critical distinctions in the framing of these signifying images, which perpetuate discourses of young women as highly relational and cautious and young men as individualistic and thrill-seeking. Intersectional representation, however, is limited to race/ethnicity and follow gendered framing. The study contributes to the research of educational materials attending to the distributed, technological biases that replicate ongoing discourses around gender.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1503527
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Gender Representation in Scouting Handbooks
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Corrine+M%2E+Wickens%22">Corrine M. Wickens</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-4250">0000-0002-9750-4250</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carol+S%2E+Walther%22">Carol S. Walther</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5433-7950">0000-0001-5433-7950</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donna+E%2E+Werderich%22">Donna E. Werderich</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8127-1763">0000-0002-8127-1763</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Gender+and+Education%22"><i>Gender and Education</i></searchLink>. 2026 38(2):146-163.
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  Data: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Guides%22">Guides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescents%22">Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+Stereotypes%22">Sex Stereotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+Bias%22">Gender Bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Youth+Programs%22">Youth Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pictorial+Stimuli%22">Pictorial Stimuli</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photography%22">Photography</searchLink>
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  Data: Youth organizations have long provided nonformal, yet significant educational experiences that are communicated through their handbooks. The handbooks also serve to convey ongoing messages around gender norms and discourses. In this article, we explore the representation in Scouting America (formerly Boy Scouts of America) handbooks for youth ages 11-17. We analyse the main photos within the 16 different sections for content representation, compositional design, gender discourses and intersectional representation. Despite perceived parallelisms in the respective handbooks, we note critical distinctions in the framing of these signifying images, which perpetuate discourses of young women as highly relational and cautious and young men as individualistic and thrill-seeking. Intersectional representation, however, is limited to race/ethnicity and follow gendered framing. The study contributes to the research of educational materials attending to the distributed, technological biases that replicate ongoing discourses around gender.
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      – SubjectFull: Guides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex Stereotypes
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      – SubjectFull: Gender Bias
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      – SubjectFull: Youth Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Pictorial Stimuli
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      – SubjectFull: Photography
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      – TitleFull: Gender Representation in Scouting Handbooks
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              Y: 2026
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