Maintenance of Fairness in Sharing: Sociality Mental Modes Weaken Children's Differential Sharing Behaviours between In-Groups and Out-Groups

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Title: Maintenance of Fairness in Sharing: Sociality Mental Modes Weaken Children's Differential Sharing Behaviours between In-Groups and Out-Groups
Language: English
Authors: Wei Fan (ORCID 0000-0002-6205-1693), Yihua Wu, Ying Li
Source: Early Child Development and Care. 2025 195(5-6):563-581.
Availability: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 19
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Sharing Behavior, Social Development, Social Influences, Cues, Group Membership, Rewards, Age Differences, Altruism, Foreign Countries, Preschool Children
Geographic Terms: China
DOI: 10.1080/03004430.2025.2487854
ISSN: 0300-4430
1476-8275
Abstract: Sharing is crucial for a child's social development. However, even in early childhood, children demonstrate an in-group preference and out-group derogation in sharing behaviour. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of sociality mental modes, particularly the market and communal modes, on children's sharing behaviour. In Experiment 1, a classification task using money and eye cues was employed to activate distinct sociality mental modes in children, successfully confirming their activation. Experiment 2 introduced group identity to explore the effect of sociality mental modes on children's different sharing behaviour towards in-group and out-group members. The results indicated that in the communal mode, children exhibited a higher rate of equal sharing with out-group members. In the market mode, egoistic sharing decreased, while equal sharing in the in-group increased. This study suggests that sociality mental modes can partially mitigate children's group-biased sharing behaviour and promote equitable sharing.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1503536
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Maintenance of Fairness in Sharing: Sociality Mental Modes Weaken Children's Differential Sharing Behaviours between In-Groups and Out-Groups
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei+Fan%22">Wei Fan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6205-1693">0000-0002-6205-1693</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yihua+Wu%22">Yihua Wu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ying+Li%22">Ying Li</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Early+Child+Development+and+Care%22"><i>Early Child Development and Care</i></searchLink>. 2025 195(5-6):563-581.
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  Data: Routledge. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
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  Data: 19
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sharing+Behavior%22">Sharing Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Development%22">Social Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Influences%22">Social Influences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cues%22">Cues</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Group+Membership%22">Group Membership</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rewards%22">Rewards</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+Differences%22">Age Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Altruism%22">Altruism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+Children%22">Preschool Children</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1080/03004430.2025.2487854
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  Data: 0300-4430<br />1476-8275
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Sharing is crucial for a child's social development. However, even in early childhood, children demonstrate an in-group preference and out-group derogation in sharing behaviour. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of sociality mental modes, particularly the market and communal modes, on children's sharing behaviour. In Experiment 1, a classification task using money and eye cues was employed to activate distinct sociality mental modes in children, successfully confirming their activation. Experiment 2 introduced group identity to explore the effect of sociality mental modes on children's different sharing behaviour towards in-group and out-group members. The results indicated that in the communal mode, children exhibited a higher rate of equal sharing with out-group members. In the market mode, egoistic sharing decreased, while equal sharing in the in-group increased. This study suggests that sociality mental modes can partially mitigate children's group-biased sharing behaviour and promote equitable sharing.
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        Value: 10.1080/03004430.2025.2487854
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 563
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Sharing Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social Influences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cues
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      – SubjectFull: Group Membership
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rewards
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age Differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Altruism
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Preschool Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Maintenance of Fairness in Sharing: Sociality Mental Modes Weaken Children's Differential Sharing Behaviours between In-Groups and Out-Groups
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            NameFull: Wei Fan
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            NameFull: Yihua Wu
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            NameFull: Ying Li
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              Y: 2025
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