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Disparities in Hormone Replacement Therapy Prescribing for Women with Intellectual Disabilities

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Title: Disparities in Hormone Replacement Therapy Prescribing for Women with Intellectual Disabilities
Language: English
Authors: Charis Bontoft (ORCID 0000-0001-9577-6773), Indermeet Sawhney (ORCID 0000-0001-6554-5472), Asif Zia, Danielle Adams
Source: Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities. 2026 39(2).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 10
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Females, Drug Therapy, Physiology, Foreign Countries, Adults, Health Services
Geographic Terms: United Kingdom
DOI: 10.1111/jar.70192
ISSN: 1360-2322
1468-3148
Abstract: Background: People with intellectual disabilities who menstruate are underrepresented in menopause research and care. Methods: A mixed-methods service evaluation was conducted in one NHS Trust. In Phase 1, prescribing data from electronic health records for women aged 40-79 with intellectual disabilities (n = 149) was extracted and statistically compared to estimates for the general population. Phase 2 comprised a focus group with psychiatrists (n = 6) and an interview with a GP (n = 1); data were analysed using framework analysis. Findings: HRT was prescribed to 3.3% of people with intellectual disabilities, versus 17.2% in the general population, indicating significantly lower prescribing (p < 0.0001). Qualitative themes highlighted low clinician awareness, diagnostic overshadowing, concerns about monitoring and system-level issues. Facilitators included psychiatrist advocacy, proactive carers and clearer primary-to-secondary care collaboration. Conclusions: Women with LD were substantially less likely to receive HRT, suggesting a marked inequity in menopause care. Recommendations are made to improve recognition, treatment access and outcomes.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1504027
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Disparities in Hormone Replacement Therapy Prescribing for Women with Intellectual Disabilities
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Charis+Bontoft%22&quot;&gt;Charis Bontoft&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-6773&quot;&gt;0000-0001-9577-6773&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Indermeet+Sawhney%22&quot;&gt;Indermeet Sawhney&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6554-5472&quot;&gt;0000-0001-6554-5472&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Asif+Zia%22&quot;&gt;Asif Zia&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Danielle+Adams%22&quot;&gt;Danielle Adams&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Intellectual+Disability%22&quot;&gt;Intellectual Disability&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Females%22&quot;&gt;Females&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Drug+Therapy%22&quot;&gt;Drug Therapy&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Physiology%22&quot;&gt;Physiology&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Foreign+Countries%22&quot;&gt;Foreign Countries&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Adults%22&quot;&gt;Adults&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Health+Services%22&quot;&gt;Health Services&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22United+Kingdom%22&quot;&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: 10.1111/jar.70192
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  Data: 1360-2322&lt;br /&gt;1468-3148
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: People with intellectual disabilities who menstruate are underrepresented in menopause research and care. Methods: A mixed-methods service evaluation was conducted in one NHS Trust. In Phase 1, prescribing data from electronic health records for women aged 40-79 with intellectual disabilities (n = 149) was extracted and statistically compared to estimates for the general population. Phase 2 comprised a focus group with psychiatrists (n = 6) and an interview with a GP (n = 1); data were analysed using framework analysis. Findings: HRT was prescribed to 3.3% of people with intellectual disabilities, versus 17.2% in the general population, indicating significantly lower prescribing (p &lt; 0.0001). Qualitative themes highlighted low clinician awareness, diagnostic overshadowing, concerns about monitoring and system-level issues. Facilitators included psychiatrist advocacy, proactive carers and clearer primary-to-secondary care collaboration. Conclusions: Women with LD were substantially less likely to receive HRT, suggesting a marked inequity in menopause care. Recommendations are made to improve recognition, treatment access and outcomes.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1504027
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      – TitleFull: Disparities in Hormone Replacement Therapy Prescribing for Women with Intellectual Disabilities
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