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Future-Fit TVET Students for Industry 4.0: Exploring Talent Domains and Components through WBL and Applied Research in Higher Education

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Title: Future-Fit TVET Students for Industry 4.0: Exploring Talent Domains and Components through WBL and Applied Research in Higher Education
Language: English
Authors: Muhammad Haziq Mazlan (ORCID 0009-0009-8248-4953), Saifullizam Puteh, Zunuwanas Mohamad, Nor Lisa Sulaiman, Kahirol Mohd Salleh, Wan Rosemehah Wan Omar, Rosnawati Buhari, Muhammad Ikhwan Hafiz Bahrum, Aris Nasuha
Source: Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning. 2026 16(3):549-565.
Availability: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 17
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Career and Technical Education, Work Based Learning, Talent, College Seniors, Foreign Countries, Professionalism
Geographic Terms: Malaysia
DOI: 10.1108/HESWBL-05-2025-0205
ISSN: 2042-3896
Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to explore the domains and components of Industry 4.0 (IR4.0) talent required by technical and vocational education and training (TVET) students through work-based learning (WBL). Design/methodology/approach: The study employed an exploratory sequential mixed-method design. Phase one included document analysis and expert interviews to identify IR4.0 talent domains. This paper focuses on Phase 2, a quantitative survey involving 159 final-year TVET students enrolled in undergraduate WBL programmes at 4 out of 36 Malaysian polytechnics. Survey data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to determine the influence of each domain. Findings: The p value is acceptable if -1, to identify 4 domains and 21 components. According to the survey, TVET students value individual talents (p = 0.397) the most, followed by cognitive talents (p = 0.323), operational work talents (p = 0.252) and professionalism (p = 0.156). The analysis revealed that the identified domains significantly influence the readiness and competencies of TVET students. This approach provided clear insights into the critical skills and attributes required for the contemporary workforce, underlining the importance of aligning educational outcomes with industry needs. Practical implications: The findings guide educators and policymakers in aligning WBL curricula with IR4.0 needs by emphasising individual and cognitive talents. This supports Malaysia's National 4IR and TVET Policy 2030 goals to develop digitally skilled, future-ready graduates. Originality/value: This study offers a validated, contextual framework for talent development in TVET institutions. It fills a research gap by focusing on Malaysia and contributes to broader international understanding of WBL's role in preparing future-ready graduates.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1506146
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Future-Fit TVET Students for Industry 4.0: Exploring Talent Domains and Components through WBL and Applied Research in Higher Education
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muhammad+Haziq+Mazlan%22">Muhammad Haziq Mazlan</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8248-4953">0009-0009-8248-4953</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saifullizam+Puteh%22">Saifullizam Puteh</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zunuwanas+Mohamad%22">Zunuwanas Mohamad</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nor+Lisa+Sulaiman%22">Nor Lisa Sulaiman</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kahirol+Mohd+Salleh%22">Kahirol Mohd Salleh</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wan+Rosemehah+Wan+Omar%22">Wan Rosemehah Wan Omar</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosnawati+Buhari%22">Rosnawati Buhari</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muhammad+Ikhwan+Hafiz+Bahrum%22">Muhammad Ikhwan Hafiz Bahrum</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aris+Nasuha%22">Aris Nasuha</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Higher+Education%2C+Skills+and+Work-based+Learning%22"><i>Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning</i></searchLink>. 2026 16(3):549-565.
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  Data: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
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  Data: 17
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Career+and+Technical+Education%22">Career and Technical Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Work+Based+Learning%22">Work Based Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Talent%22">Talent</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Seniors%22">College Seniors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Professionalism%22">Professionalism</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Malaysia%22">Malaysia</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1108/HESWBL-05-2025-0205
– Name: ISSN
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  Data: 2042-3896
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: This study aims to explore the domains and components of Industry 4.0 (IR4.0) talent required by technical and vocational education and training (TVET) students through work-based learning (WBL). Design/methodology/approach: The study employed an exploratory sequential mixed-method design. Phase one included document analysis and expert interviews to identify IR4.0 talent domains. This paper focuses on Phase 2, a quantitative survey involving 159 final-year TVET students enrolled in undergraduate WBL programmes at 4 out of 36 Malaysian polytechnics. Survey data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to determine the influence of each domain. Findings: The p value is acceptable if -1, to identify 4 domains and 21 components. According to the survey, TVET students value individual talents (p = 0.397) the most, followed by cognitive talents (p = 0.323), operational work talents (p = 0.252) and professionalism (p = 0.156). The analysis revealed that the identified domains significantly influence the readiness and competencies of TVET students. This approach provided clear insights into the critical skills and attributes required for the contemporary workforce, underlining the importance of aligning educational outcomes with industry needs. Practical implications: The findings guide educators and policymakers in aligning WBL curricula with IR4.0 needs by emphasising individual and cognitive talents. This supports Malaysia's National 4IR and TVET Policy 2030 goals to develop digitally skilled, future-ready graduates. Originality/value: This study offers a validated, contextual framework for talent development in TVET institutions. It fills a research gap by focusing on Malaysia and contributes to broader international understanding of WBL's role in preparing future-ready graduates.
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