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The Probability of Obtaining Two Statistically Different Test Scores as a Test Index

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Title: The Probability of Obtaining Two Statistically Different Test Scores as a Test Index
Language: English
Authors: Muller, Jorg M.
Source: Educational and Psychological Measurement. 2006 66(4):601-611.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com.
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2006
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Test Reliability, Probability, Scores, Item Response Theory, Statistical Data, Simulation, Sample Size, Standards
DOI: 10.1177/0013164405284034
ISSN: 0013-1644
Abstract: A new test index is defined as the probability of obtaining two randomly selected test scores (PDTS) as statistically different. After giving a concept definition of the test index, two simulation studies are presented. The first analyzes the influence of the distribution of test scores, test reliability, and sample size on PDTS within classical test theory. The second simulation manipulates the number of items and their locations over the latent continuum for a one-parameter logistic model. In addition, comparisons of both applications on the same data are made. The discussion focuses on advantages of applying PDTS for dimensional constructs in classical test theory and item response theory, as well as the disadvantages of making no assumptions about the test score distribution. The simulation studies provide the initial findings about the PDTS under several given empirical conditions. The discussion emphasizes why and when it is useful to consider PDTS in a test description. (Contains 3 figures.)
Abstractor: Author
Number of References: 24
Entry Date: 2006
Accession Number: EJ739974
Database: ERIC
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  Data: A new test index is defined as the probability of obtaining two randomly selected test scores (PDTS) as statistically different. After giving a concept definition of the test index, two simulation studies are presented. The first analyzes the influence of the distribution of test scores, test reliability, and sample size on PDTS within classical test theory. The second simulation manipulates the number of items and their locations over the latent continuum for a one-parameter logistic model. In addition, comparisons of both applications on the same data are made. The discussion focuses on advantages of applying PDTS for dimensional constructs in classical test theory and item response theory, as well as the disadvantages of making no assumptions about the test score distribution. The simulation studies provide the initial findings about the PDTS under several given empirical conditions. The discussion emphasizes why and when it is useful to consider PDTS in a test description. (Contains 3 figures.)
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      – SubjectFull: Standards
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