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Spelling as Statistical Learning: Using Consonantal Context to Spell Vowels

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Title: Spelling as Statistical Learning: Using Consonantal Context to Spell Vowels
Language: English
Authors: Treiman, Rebecca, Kessler, Brett
Source: Journal of Educational Psychology. Aug 2006 98(3):642-652.
Availability: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org/publications.
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2006
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Secondary Education
Descriptors: Spelling, Learning Strategies, Phonemes, Vowels, Experiments, Children, Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence, Context Effect, English, Age Differences
ISSN: 0022-0663
Abstract: Although English lacks 1-to-1 relationships between sounds and spellings, considering the context in which a phoneme occurs can often aid in selecting a spelling. For example, /a/ is typically spelled as a when it follows /w/, as in wand, but as o when it follows other consonants, as in pond. In 2 experiments, the authors asked whether children's spellings of vowels in nonwords were affected by the following (Experiment 1) and preceding (Experiment 2) consonants. The participants in both experiments had spelling levels that ranged from kindergarten and 1st grade through high school. Children with higher levels of spelling skill took more advantage of context, and use of preceding context generally emerged earlier than use of following context. The results are interpreted within the framework of a statistical learning view of spelling and spelling development.
Abstractor: Author
Entry Date: 2006
Access URL: https://content.apa.org/journals/edu/98/3
Accession Number: EJ742206
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Spelling as Statistical Learning: Using Consonantal Context to Spell Vowels
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  Data: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org/publications.
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  Data: Although English lacks 1-to-1 relationships between sounds and spellings, considering the context in which a phoneme occurs can often aid in selecting a spelling. For example, /a/ is typically spelled as a when it follows /w/, as in wand, but as o when it follows other consonants, as in pond. In 2 experiments, the authors asked whether children's spellings of vowels in nonwords were affected by the following (Experiment 1) and preceding (Experiment 2) consonants. The participants in both experiments had spelling levels that ranged from kindergarten and 1st grade through high school. Children with higher levels of spelling skill took more advantage of context, and use of preceding context generally emerged earlier than use of following context. The results are interpreted within the framework of a statistical learning view of spelling and spelling development.
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 642
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Spelling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Learning Strategies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phonemes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vowels
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      – SubjectFull: Experiments
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence
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      – SubjectFull: Context Effect
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      – SubjectFull: English
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      – SubjectFull: Age Differences
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Spelling as Statistical Learning: Using Consonantal Context to Spell Vowels
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            NameFull: Kessler, Brett
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