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From Partnerships to Networks: New Approaches for Measuring U. S. National Heritage Area Effectiveness

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Title: From Partnerships to Networks: New Approaches for Measuring U. S. National Heritage Area Effectiveness
Language: English
Authors: Laven, Daniel N., Krymkowski, Daniel H., Ventriss, Curtis L., Manning, Robert E., Mitchell, Nora J.
Source: Evaluation Review. Aug 2010 34(4):271-298.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 28
Publication Date: 2010
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Evaluative
Descriptors: Historic Sites, Social Networks, Network Analysis, Land Use, Preservation, Conservation (Environment), Program Effectiveness, Program Evaluation
Geographic Terms: United States
DOI: 10.1177/0193841X10370668
ISSN: 0193-841X
Abstract: National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are an alternative and increasingly popular form of protected area management in the United States. NHAs seek to integrate environmental objectives with community and economic objectives at regional or landscape scales. NHA designations have increased rapidly in the last 20 years, generating a substantial need for evaluative information about (a) how NHAs work; (b) outcomes associated with the NHA process; and (c) the costs and benefits of investing public moneys into the NHA approach. Qualitative evaluation studies recently conducted at three NHAs have identified the importance of understanding network structure and function in the context of evaluating NHA management effectiveness. This article extends these case studies by examining quantitative network data from each of the sites. The authors analyze these data using both a descriptive approach and a statistically more robust approach known as exponential random graph modeling. Study findings indicate the presence of transitive structures and the absence of three-cycle structures in each of these networks. This suggests that these networks are relatively "open," which may be desirable, given the uncertainty of the environments in which they operate. These findings also suggest, at least at the sites reported here, that the NHA approach may be an effective way to activate and develop networks of intersectoral organizational partners. Finally, this study demonstrates the utility of using quantitative network analysis to better understand the effectiveness of protected area management models that rely on partnership networks to achieve their intended outcomes. (Contains 5 notes, 6 tables, and 5 figures.)
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 58
Entry Date: 2010
Accession Number: EJ891048
Database: ERIC
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Laven%2C+Daniel+N%2E%22">Laven, Daniel N.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krymkowski%2C+Daniel+H%2E%22">Krymkowski, Daniel H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ventriss%2C+Curtis+L%2E%22">Ventriss, Curtis L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manning%2C+Robert+E%2E%22">Manning, Robert E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mitchell%2C+Nora+J%2E%22">Mitchell, Nora J.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Evaluation+Review%22"><i>Evaluation Review</i></searchLink>. Aug 2010 34(4):271-298.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
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  Data: National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are an alternative and increasingly popular form of protected area management in the United States. NHAs seek to integrate environmental objectives with community and economic objectives at regional or landscape scales. NHA designations have increased rapidly in the last 20 years, generating a substantial need for evaluative information about (a) how NHAs work; (b) outcomes associated with the NHA process; and (c) the costs and benefits of investing public moneys into the NHA approach. Qualitative evaluation studies recently conducted at three NHAs have identified the importance of understanding network structure and function in the context of evaluating NHA management effectiveness. This article extends these case studies by examining quantitative network data from each of the sites. The authors analyze these data using both a descriptive approach and a statistically more robust approach known as exponential random graph modeling. Study findings indicate the presence of transitive structures and the absence of three-cycle structures in each of these networks. This suggests that these networks are relatively "open," which may be desirable, given the uncertainty of the environments in which they operate. These findings also suggest, at least at the sites reported here, that the NHA approach may be an effective way to activate and develop networks of intersectoral organizational partners. Finally, this study demonstrates the utility of using quantitative network analysis to better understand the effectiveness of protected area management models that rely on partnership networks to achieve their intended outcomes. (Contains 5 notes, 6 tables, and 5 figures.)
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      – SubjectFull: Historic Sites
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      – SubjectFull: Social Networks
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      – SubjectFull: Network Analysis
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – TitleFull: From Partnerships to Networks: New Approaches for Measuring U. S. National Heritage Area Effectiveness
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