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Enfermedades diarreicas en menores de cinco años en contextos de urbanidad en México. Ensanut 2021-2024.

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Title: Enfermedades diarreicas en menores de cinco años en contextos de urbanidad en México. Ensanut 2021-2024.
Authors: Delgado-Sánchez, Guadalupe1, Ferreyra-Reyes, Leticia1, Mongua-Rodríguez, Norma1, Ferreira-Guerrero, Elizabeth1 elizabeth.ferreira@insp.mx, Martínez-Hernández, Maribel1, Rosario Suxo-Campos, Miriam2, Canizales-Quintero, Sergio1, Téllez-Vázquez, Norma Aracely1, García-García, Lourdes1
Source: Salud Pública de México. mar/abr2026, Vol. 68 Issue 2, p147-161. 15p.
Abstract (English): Objective. To analyze trends, prevalence, and factors associated with acute diarrheal diseases (ADD) in children <5 years old in Mexico (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición [Ensanut] Continua 2021-2024) and to compare estimates with the 2006, 2012, and 2018 survey rounds. Materials and methods. We analyzed data from Ensanut Continua 2021-2024 (n= 8 112; N= 10 151 725) and contrasted them with previous rounds. Crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios were estimated using binomial generalized linear models, at the national level and stratified by urbanicity (rural/urban/metropolitan). Results. National prevalence decreased from 13.1% (2006) to 8.6% (2021-2024; p <0.001). In the national adjusted model, the metropolitan stratum showed higher prevalence than the rural stratum (aPR= 1.5; 95%CI 1.0, 2.1). Age was the main determinant: 1 year (aPR= 2.9; 95%CI 2.0, 4.2) and 2 years (aPR= 1.8; 95%CI 1.3, 2.6). Girls had lower prevalence than boys (aPR= 0.8; 95%CI 0.6, 1.0). Significant regional differences were observed, and prevalence was higher among those without formal health coverage (aPR= 1.4; 95%CI 1.0,1.8). Household well-being and caregiver’s education were not independently associated. Conclusion. Although ADD declined, inequalities persist by age, urbanicity, region, and effective access to services. Targeted interventions for children <2 and strengthened timely case management are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Objetivo. Analizar la tendencia, prevalencia y factores asociados con enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) en niñas y niños (NN) <5 años en México (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición [Ensanut] Continua 2021-2024) y su comparación con ediciones 2006, 2012 y 2018. Material y métodos. Se analizaron datos de la Ensanut Continua 2021-2024 (n= 8 112; N= 10 151 725) y se contrastaron con ediciones previas. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia crudas (RPc) y ajustadas (RPa) mediante modelo lineal generalizado binomial, a nivel nacional y estratificados por urbanidad (rural/urbano/metropolitano). Resultados. La prevalencia nacional disminuyó de 13.1% (2006) a 8.6% (2021-2024; p <0.001). A nivel nacional, el estrato metropolitano mostró mayor prevalencia que el rural (RPa= 1.5; IC95% 1.0,2.1). La edad fue el determinante principal: 1 año (RPa= 2.9; IC95% 2.0,4.2) y 2 años (RPa= 1.8; IC95% 1.3,2.6). Las niñas presentaron menor prevalencia que los niños (RPa= 0.8; IC95% 0.6,1.0). Se observaron diferencias regionales significativas y mayor prevalencia en quienes carecían de cobertura formal (RPa= 1.4; IC95% 1.0,1.8). Bienestar y escolaridad de la persona cuidadora no se asociaron de forma independiente. Conclusión. La EDA disminuyó, pero persisten desigualdades por edad, urbanidad, región y acceso efectivo a servicios. Se requieren intervenciones focalizadas en NN <2 años y fortalecimiento del manejo oportuno. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Salud Pública de México is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: MedicLatina
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  Data: Enfermedades diarreicas en menores de cinco a&#241;os en contextos de urbanidad en M&#233;xico. Ensanut 2021-2024.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Delgado-S&#225;nchez%2C+Guadalupe%22&quot;&gt;Delgado-S&#225;nchez, Guadalupe&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Ferreyra-Reyes%2C+Leticia%22&quot;&gt;Ferreyra-Reyes, Leticia&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Mongua-Rodr&#237;guez%2C+Norma%22&quot;&gt;Mongua-Rodr&#237;guez, Norma&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Ferreira-Guerrero%2C+Elizabeth%22&quot;&gt;Ferreira-Guerrero, Elizabeth&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; elizabeth.ferreira@insp.mx&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Mart&#237;nez-Hern&#225;ndez%2C+Maribel%22&quot;&gt;Mart&#237;nez-Hern&#225;ndez, Maribel&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Rosario+Suxo-Campos%2C+Miriam%22&quot;&gt;Rosario Suxo-Campos, Miriam&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Canizales-Quintero%2C+Sergio%22&quot;&gt;Canizales-Quintero, Sergio&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22T&#233;llez-V&#225;zquez%2C+Norma+Aracely%22&quot;&gt;T&#233;llez-V&#225;zquez, Norma Aracely&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Garc&#237;a-Garc&#237;a%2C+Lourdes%22&quot;&gt;Garc&#237;a-Garc&#237;a, Lourdes&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;
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– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Objective. To analyze trends, prevalence, and factors associated with acute diarrheal diseases (ADD) in children &lt;5 years old in Mexico (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrici&#243;n [Ensanut] Continua 2021-2024) and to compare estimates with the 2006, 2012, and 2018 survey rounds. Materials and methods. We analyzed data from Ensanut Continua 2021-2024 (n= 8 112; N= 10 151 725) and contrasted them with previous rounds. Crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios were estimated using binomial generalized linear models, at the national level and stratified by urbanicity (rural/urban/metropolitan). Results. National prevalence decreased from 13.1% (2006) to 8.6% (2021-2024; p &lt;0.001). In the national adjusted model, the metropolitan stratum showed higher prevalence than the rural stratum (aPR= 1.5; 95%CI 1.0, 2.1). Age was the main determinant: 1 year (aPR= 2.9; 95%CI 2.0, 4.2) and 2 years (aPR= 1.8; 95%CI 1.3, 2.6). Girls had lower prevalence than boys (aPR= 0.8; 95%CI 0.6, 1.0). Significant regional differences were observed, and prevalence was higher among those without formal health coverage (aPR= 1.4; 95%CI 1.0,1.8). Household well-being and caregiver’s education were not independently associated. Conclusion. Although ADD declined, inequalities persist by age, urbanicity, region, and effective access to services. Targeted interventions for children &lt;2 and strengthened timely case management are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Spanish)
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  Data: Objetivo. Analizar la tendencia, prevalencia y factores asociados con enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) en ni&#241;as y ni&#241;os (NN) &lt;5 a&#241;os en M&#233;xico (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrici&#243;n [Ensanut] Continua 2021-2024) y su comparaci&#243;n con ediciones 2006, 2012 y 2018. Material y m&#233;todos. Se analizaron datos de la Ensanut Continua 2021-2024 (n= 8 112; N= 10 151 725) y se contrastaron con ediciones previas. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia crudas (RPc) y ajustadas (RPa) mediante modelo lineal generalizado binomial, a nivel nacional y estratificados por urbanidad (rural/urbano/metropolitano). Resultados. La prevalencia nacional disminuy&#243; de 13.1% (2006) a 8.6% (2021-2024; p &lt;0.001). A nivel nacional, el estrato metropolitano mostr&#243; mayor prevalencia que el rural (RPa= 1.5; IC95% 1.0,2.1). La edad fue el determinante principal: 1 a&#241;o (RPa= 2.9; IC95% 2.0,4.2) y 2 a&#241;os (RPa= 1.8; IC95% 1.3,2.6). Las ni&#241;as presentaron menor prevalencia que los ni&#241;os (RPa= 0.8; IC95% 0.6,1.0). Se observaron diferencias regionales significativas y mayor prevalencia en quienes carec&#237;an de cobertura formal (RPa= 1.4; IC95% 1.0,1.8). Bienestar y escolaridad de la persona cuidadora no se asociaron de forma independiente. Conclusi&#243;n. La EDA disminuy&#243;, pero persisten desigualdades por edad, urbanidad, regi&#243;n y acceso efectivo a servicios. Se requieren intervenciones focalizadas en NN &lt;2 a&#241;os y fortalecimiento del manejo oportuno. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Salud P&#250;blica de M&#233;xico is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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