Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by active surveillance versus standard surgery for oesophageal cancer (SANO trial): a multicentre, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.

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Title: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by active surveillance versus standard surgery for oesophageal cancer (SANO trial): a multicentre, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.
Authors: van der Wilk BJ; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: b.vanderwilk@erasmusmc.nl., Eyck BM; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Wijnhoven BPL; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Lagarde SM; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Rosman C; Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Noordman BJ; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Valkema MJ; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Bisseling TM; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Coene PLO; Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands., van Det MJ; Department of Surgery, ZGT Hospital, Almelo, Netherlands., Dekker JWT; Department of Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, Netherlands., van Dieren JM; Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Doukas M; Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., van Esser S; Department of Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, Netherlands., Fiets WE; Department of Medical Oncology, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Netherlands., Hartgrink HH; Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands., Heisterkamp J; Department of Surgery, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands., Holster IL; Department of Gastroenterology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Klarenbeek B; Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., van Klaveren D; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Kouw E; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands., Kouwenhoven EA; Department of Surgery, ZGT Hospital, Almelo, Netherlands., Luyer MD; Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands., Mostert B; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Nieuwenhuijzen GAP; Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands., Oostenbrug LE; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Heerlen, Netherlands., Pierie JP; Department of Surgery, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Netherlands., van Sandick JW; Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Sosef MN; Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, Netherlands., Spaander MCW; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., Valkema R; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands., van der Zaag ES; Department of Surgery, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands., Steyerberg EW; Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands., van Lanschot JJB; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Corporate Authors: SANO Study Group
Source: The Lancet. Oncology [Lancet Oncol] 2025 Apr; Vol. 26 (4), pp. 425-436. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Mar 17.
Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase III; Comparative Study; Equivalence Trial; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial
Journal Info: Publisher: Lancet Pub. Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100957246 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1474-5488 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14702045 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Lancet Oncol Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by active surveillance versus standard surgery for oesophageal cancer (SANO trial): a multicentre, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+der+Wilk+BJ%22">van der Wilk BJ</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: b.vanderwilk@erasmusmc.nl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Eyck+BM%22">Eyck BM</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wijnhoven+BPL%22">Wijnhoven BPL</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lagarde+SM%22">Lagarde SM</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rosman+C%22">Rosman C</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Noordman+BJ%22">Noordman BJ</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Valkema+MJ%22">Valkema MJ</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bisseling+TM%22">Bisseling TM</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Coene+PLO%22">Coene PLO</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Det+MJ%22">van Det MJ</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, ZGT Hospital, Almelo, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dekker+JWT%22">Dekker JWT</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Dieren+JM%22">van Dieren JM</searchLink>; Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Doukas+M%22">Doukas M</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Esser+S%22">van Esser S</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fiets+WE%22">Fiets WE</searchLink>; Department of Medical Oncology, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hartgrink+HH%22">Hartgrink HH</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Heisterkamp+J%22">Heisterkamp J</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Holster+IL%22">Holster IL</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Klarenbeek+B%22">Klarenbeek B</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Klaveren+D%22">van Klaveren D</searchLink>; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kouw+E%22">Kouw E</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kouwenhoven+EA%22">Kouwenhoven EA</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, ZGT Hospital, Almelo, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Luyer+MD%22">Luyer MD</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mostert+B%22">Mostert B</searchLink>; Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nieuwenhuijzen+GAP%22">Nieuwenhuijzen GAP</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Oostenbrug+LE%22">Oostenbrug LE</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Heerlen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pierie+JP%22">Pierie JP</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Sandick+JW%22">van Sandick JW</searchLink>; Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sosef+MN%22">Sosef MN</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Spaander+MCW%22">Spaander MCW</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Valkema+R%22">Valkema R</searchLink>; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+der+Zaag+ES%22">van der Zaag ES</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Steyerberg+EW%22">Steyerberg EW</searchLink>; Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Lanschot+JJB%22">van Lanschot JJB</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22SANO+Study+Group%22">SANO Study Group</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22100957246%22">The Lancet. Oncology</searchLink> [Lancet Oncol] 2025 Apr; Vol. 26 (4), pp. 425-436. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 Mar 17.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Lancet+Pub%2E+Group%22">Lancet Pub. Group </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>100957246 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1474-5488 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2214702045%22">14702045 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Lancet Oncol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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