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Safety and Efficacy of Ephedrine Alkaloids-Free Ephedra Herb Extract (EFE) for Mild COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Comparative Trial.

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Title: Safety and Efficacy of Ephedrine Alkaloids-Free Ephedra Herb Extract (EFE) for Mild COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Comparative Trial.
Authors: Odaguchi H; Oriental Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo108-8641, Japan., Hyuga S; Oriental Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo108-8641, Japan., Sekine M; Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Shirokane Campus, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan., Michimae H; Department of Clinical Medicine (Biostatistics), School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan., Hyuga M; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan., Uchiyama N; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan., Uema M; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan., Kumagai Y; Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Shirokane Campus, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan., Suzuki Y; Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Shirokane Campus, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan., Nabeshima S; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan., Omagari N; Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan., Doi Y; School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan., Yamaoka K; Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan., Miyazaki K; Department of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo 192-0032, Japan., Fuji S; Ogikubo Hospital, Tokyo 167-0035, Japan., Umezawa Y; Denenchofu Family Clinic, Tokyo 145-0071, Japan., Kodera S; Tokyo Metropolitan Ebara Hospital, Tokyo 145-0065, Japan., Nagashima H; Tokyo Center Clinic, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan., Hirose W; Hirose Clinic, Tokorozawa 359-1111, Japan., Goda Y; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan.
Source: Microorganisms [Microorganisms] 2025 Mar 12; Vol. 13 (3). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Mar 12.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101625893 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2076-2607 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20762607 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microorganisms Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Safety and Efficacy of Ephedrine Alkaloids-Free Ephedra Herb Extract (EFE) for Mild COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Comparative Trial.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Odaguchi+H%22">Odaguchi H</searchLink>; Oriental Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo108-8641, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hyuga+S%22">Hyuga S</searchLink>; Oriental Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo108-8641, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sekine+M%22">Sekine M</searchLink>; Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Shirokane Campus, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Michimae+H%22">Michimae H</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Medicine (Biostatistics), School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hyuga+M%22">Hyuga M</searchLink>; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Uchiyama+N%22">Uchiyama N</searchLink>; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Uema+M%22">Uema M</searchLink>; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kumagai+Y%22">Kumagai Y</searchLink>; Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Shirokane Campus, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Suzuki+Y%22">Suzuki Y</searchLink>; Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Shirokane Campus, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nabeshima+S%22">Nabeshima S</searchLink>; Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Omagari+N%22">Omagari N</searchLink>; Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Doi+Y%22">Doi Y</searchLink>; School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yamaoka+K%22">Yamaoka K</searchLink>; Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Miyazaki+K%22">Miyazaki K</searchLink>; Department of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo 192-0032, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fuji+S%22">Fuji S</searchLink>; Ogikubo Hospital, Tokyo 167-0035, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Umezawa+Y%22">Umezawa Y</searchLink>; Denenchofu Family Clinic, Tokyo 145-0071, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kodera+S%22">Kodera S</searchLink>; Tokyo Metropolitan Ebara Hospital, Tokyo 145-0065, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nagashima+H%22">Nagashima H</searchLink>; Tokyo Center Clinic, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hirose+W%22">Hirose W</searchLink>; Hirose Clinic, Tokorozawa 359-1111, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Goda+Y%22">Goda Y</searchLink>; National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101625893%22">Microorganisms</searchLink> [Microorganisms] 2025 Mar 12; Vol. 13 (3). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 Mar 12.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22MDPI+AG%22">MDPI AG </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Switzerland <i>NLM ID: </i>101625893 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Print <i>ISSN: </i>2076-2607 (Print) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2220762607%22">20762607 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Microorganisms <i>Subsets: </i>PubMed not MEDLINE
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