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Benchmarking large language model-based agent systems for clinical decision tasks.

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Title: Benchmarking large language model-based agent systems for clinical decision tasks.
Authors: Liu Y; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany., Carrero ZI; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany., Jiang X; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China., Ferber D; Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany., Wölflein G; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.; School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK., Zhang L; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany., Jayabalan S; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany., Lenz T; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany., Hui Z; Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. drhuizg@163.com., Kather JN; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.; Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.; Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.; Pathology & Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.
Source: NPJ digital medicine [NPJ Digit Med] 2026 Feb 18; Vol. 9 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 18.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101731738 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2398-6352 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23986352 NLM ISO Abbreviation: NPJ Digit Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+Y%22">Liu Y</searchLink>; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Carrero+ZI%22">Carrero ZI</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jiang+X%22">Jiang X</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ferber+D%22">Ferber D</searchLink>; Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wölflein+G%22">Wölflein G</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.; School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+L%22">Zhang L</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jayabalan+S%22">Jayabalan S</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lenz+T%22">Lenz T</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hui+Z%22">Hui Z</searchLink>; Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. drhuizg@163.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kather+JN%22">Kather JN</searchLink>; Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.; Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.; Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.; Pathology & Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. kather.jn@tu-dresden.de.
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