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Effect of a Lower Vs. Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Strategy on Clinically Relevant Outcomes in ICU Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Bayesian Re-analysis of the REstricted Vs. Liberal Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RELAx) Randomized Clinical Trial.

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Title: Effect of a Lower Vs. Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Strategy on Clinically Relevant Outcomes in ICU Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Bayesian Re-analysis of the REstricted Vs. Liberal Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RELAx) Randomized Clinical Trial.
Authors: Caroli A; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.; Dipartimento di Scienze dell' Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy., Algera AG; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., van Meenen D; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Schultz MJ; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Paulus F; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Neto AS; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.; Australian and New Zeeland Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Data Analytics Research and Evaluation (DARE) Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
Corporate Authors: REstricted vs. Liberal positive end-expiratory pressure in patients without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RELAx)—investigators and the PRotective Ventilation (PROVE) Network
Source: Critical care medicine [Crit Care Med] 2026 Jun 01; Vol. 54 (6), pp. 1431-1441. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 31.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Multicenter Study; Equivalence Trial
Journal Info: Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0355501 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1530-0293 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00903493 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Crit Care Med Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Effect of a Lower Vs. Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Strategy on Clinically Relevant Outcomes in ICU Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Bayesian Re-analysis of the REstricted Vs. Liberal Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RELAx) Randomized Clinical Trial.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Caroli+A%22">Caroli A</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.; Dipartimento di Scienze dell' Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Algera+AG%22">Algera AG</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Meenen+D%22">van Meenen D</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schultz+MJ%22">Schultz MJ</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Paulus+F%22">Paulus F</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Neto+AS%22">Neto AS</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.; Australian and New Zeeland Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Department of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Data Analytics Research and Evaluation (DARE) Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins%22">Lippincott Williams & Wilkins </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>0355501 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1530-0293 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2200903493%22">00903493 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Crit Care Med <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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      – TitleFull: Effect of a Lower Vs. Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Strategy on Clinically Relevant Outcomes in ICU Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Bayesian Re-analysis of the REstricted Vs. Liberal Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Patients Without Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RELAx) Randomized Clinical Trial.
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              Text: 2026 Jun 01
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