Comparison of the accuracy of latent factor and sum scoring of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to screen for major depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

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Title: Comparison of the accuracy of latent factor and sum scoring of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to screen for major depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis.
Authors: Zhang J; School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Fischer F; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Falk C; Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Wu Y; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China., Alkan A; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye., Sun Y; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., González-Domínguez NP; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Boruff JT; Schulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, and Engineering, McGill University., Cuijpers P; Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Gilbody S; Hull York Medical School and the Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK., Harel D; Department of Applied Statistics, Social Science, and Humanities, New York University, New York, New York, USA., Ioannidis JPA; Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Biomedical Data Science, and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA., Levis B; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Markham S; Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK., Patten SB; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada., Takwoingi Y; Test Evaluation Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK., Ziegelstein RC; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine., Benedetti A; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Thombs BD; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: brett.thombs@mcgill.ca.
Corporate Authors: DEPRESSD HADS Collaboration
Source: Journal of affective disorders [J Affect Disord] 2026 May 30; Vol. 412, pp. 122051. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 30.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7906073 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2517 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01650327 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Affect Disord Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+J%22">Zhang J</searchLink>; School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fischer+F%22">Fischer F</searchLink>; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Falk+C%22">Falk C</searchLink>; Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+Y%22">Wu Y</searchLink>; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alkan+A%22">Alkan A</searchLink>; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sun+Y%22">Sun Y</searchLink>; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22González-Domínguez+NP%22">González-Domínguez NP</searchLink>; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Boruff+JT%22">Boruff JT</searchLink>; Schulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, and Engineering, McGill University.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cuijpers+P%22">Cuijpers P</searchLink>; Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gilbody+S%22">Gilbody S</searchLink>; Hull York Medical School and the Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Harel+D%22">Harel D</searchLink>; Department of Applied Statistics, Social Science, and Humanities, New York University, New York, New York, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ioannidis+JPA%22">Ioannidis JPA</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Biomedical Data Science, and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Levis+B%22">Levis B</searchLink>; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Markham+S%22">Markham S</searchLink>; Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Patten+SB%22">Patten SB</searchLink>; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Takwoingi+Y%22">Takwoingi Y</searchLink>; Test Evaluation Research Group, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ziegelstein+RC%22">Ziegelstein RC</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Benedetti+A%22">Benedetti A</searchLink>; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Thombs+BD%22">Thombs BD</searchLink>; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: brett.thombs@mcgill.ca.
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